I propose a model that places episodic, semantic, and other commonly studied forms of memory into the same conceptual space. The space is defined by three dimensions required for Tulving’s episodic and semantic memory. An implicit–explicit dimension contrasts both episodic and semantic memory with common forms of implicit memory. A self-reference dimension contrasts episodes that occurred to one person with semantic knowledge. A scene dimension contrasts episodes that occurred in specific contexts with context-free semantic information. The three dimensions are evaluated against existing behavioral and neural evidence to evaluate both the model and the concepts underlying the study of human memory. Unlike a hierarchy, which has properties specific to each category, the dimensions have properties that extend throughout the conceptual space. Thus, the properties apply to all forms of existing and yet-to-be-discovered memory within the space. Empty locations in the proposed space are filled with existing phenomena that lack a clear place in current theories of memory, including reports of episodic-like memories for events reported to but not witnessed by a person, fictional narrative accounts, déjà vu, and implicit components contributing to personality, the self, and autobiographical memory.

我提出了一个模型，将情节、语义和其他常用的记忆形式置于同一个概念空间中。该空间由 Tulving 的情节和语义记忆所需的三个维度定义。隐式-显式维度将情景记忆和语义记忆与常见的内隐记忆形式进行对比。自我参照维度对比了一个具有语义知识的人发生的事件。场景维度将特定上下文中发生的情节与上下文无关的语义信息进行对比。根据现有的行为和神经证据评估这三个维度，以评估人类记忆研究的模型和概念。与具有特定于每个类别的属性的层次结构不同，维度具有延伸到整个概念空间的属性。因此，这些特性适用于空间内所有形式的现有和尚未发现的记忆。拟议空间中的空白位置充满了现有的现象，这些现象在当前的记忆理论中缺乏明确的位置，包括关于向某人报告但未亲眼目睹的事件的情景式记忆的报告、虚构的叙述账户、似曾相识和隐含成分有助于人格、自我和自传体记忆。