Background: Psychopathy is an emerging health and behavioral problem worldwide. Psychopathy is linked to risk substance use, maltreatment, violence, crime, and reoffending, but little is known about psychopathy in low income countries like Ethiopia. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence and factors associated with psychopathy among newly-admitted prisoners in Bench Sheko and West Omo zone correctional center, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 20 to July 19, 2019, among 411 (N=422) newly-admitted Bench Sheko and West Omo zone correctional center prisoners by using a consecutive sampling technique. A semi-structured and interviewer administered psychopathy checklist revised tool was used for screening psychopathy. WHO, ASSIST tool was used for screening risk use of khat, tobacco, and alcohol. Trauma, maltreatment, and social support were assessed with a life event checklist, adverse life experience screening tool, and Oslo social support scale, respectively. In addition, Criminal and clinical history of the prisoner was also assessed. The data was entered into Epi-data 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 21 for statistical analysis. A logistic regression model was used. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 in the final fitting model were declared as independent predictors of psychopathy.
Results: The prevalence of psychopathy was 24.3%. Childhood maltreatment (AOR=6, 95% CI=2.2– 17.5), risky khat use (AOR=4.6, 95% CI=2.4– 8.7), poor social support (AOR=3.5, 95% CI=1.9– 6.6), family history of imprisonment (AOR=3, 95% CI=1.5– 6), history of trauma (AOR=2.3, 95% CI=1.1– 4.8), and reoffending (AOR=2, 95% CI=1.1– 3.8) were positively associated variables with psychopathy.
Conclusion: Psychopathy is highly prevalent among newly-admitted prisoners. Integrated efforts involving relevant stakeholders are needed to design strategies for early screening of psychopathy to prevent reoffending, and management of risk substance use at admission is crucial.



中文翻译：

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位于埃塞俄比亚西南部 Bench Sheko 和 West Omo 区的惩教所新入狱囚犯的精神病和相关因素：一项横断面研究

背景：精神病是世界范围内新兴的健康和行为问题。精神病态与危险物质使用、虐待、暴力、犯罪和再犯罪有关，但在埃塞俄比亚等低收入国家，人们对精神病态知之甚少。因此，我们评估了埃塞俄比亚米赞阿曼 Bench Sheko 和 West Omo 区惩教中心新入院囚犯的精神病患病率和相关因素。
方法：2019 年 4 月 20 日至 7 月 19 日，采用连续抽样技术对 411 名（N=422）新入院的 Bench Sheko 和 West Omo 区惩教中心囚犯进行了横断面研究。使用半结构化和面试官管理的精神病检查表修订工具来筛查精神病。WHO, ASSIST 工具用于筛查阿拉伯茶、烟草和酒精的风险使用。创伤、虐待和社会支持分别使用生活事件清单、不良生活经历筛查工具和奥斯陆社会支持量表进行评估。此外，还评估了囚犯的犯罪和临床病史。将数据输入Epi-data 3.1并导出到社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）第21版进行统计分析。使用逻辑回归模型。带有 a 的变量在最终拟合模型中p值小于 0.05 被宣布为精神病的独立预测因子。
结果：精神病的患病率为24.3%。童年虐待（AOR=6, 95% CI=2.2–17.5），危险的阿拉伯茶使用（AOR=4.6, 95% CI=2.4–8.7），社会支持差（AOR=3.5, 95% CI=1.9–6.6），监禁家族史 (AOR=3, 95% CI=1.5–6)、外伤史 (AOR=2.3, 95% CI=1.1–4.8) 和再次犯罪 (AOR=2, 95% CI=1.1–3.8)是与精神病呈正相关的变量。
结论：精神病在新入狱的囚犯中非常普遍。需要相关利益相关者的综合努力来设计早期筛查精神病的策略以防止再次犯罪，并且在入院时管理危险物质的使用至关重要。