Industry 4.0 is the digitalization of the manufacturing systems based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for developing a manufacturing system to gain efficiency and improve productivity. Cloud Manufacturing (CM) is a paradigm of Industry 4.0. Cloud Manufacturing System (CMS) considers anything as a service. The end product is developed based on the service composition in the CMS according to consumers’ needs. Also, composite services are developed based on the interaction of MCS providers from different geographical locations. Therefore, the appropriate Manufacturing Cloud Service (MCS) composition is an important problem based on the real-world conditions in CMS. The game theory studies the mathematical model development based on interactions between MCS providers according to real-world conditions. This research develops an Equilibrial Service Composition Model in Cloud Manufacturing (ESCM) based on game theory. MCS providers and consumers get benefits mutually based on ESCM. MCS providers are players in the game. The payoff function is developed based on a profit function. Also, the game strategies are the levels of Quality of Service (QoS) based on consumers’ needs in ESCM. Firstly, the article develops a composite service based on a non-cooperative game. The Nash equilibrium point demonstrates the QoS value of composite service and the payoff value for the players. Secondly, the article develops a composite service based on a cooperative game. The players participate in coalitions to develop the composite service based on formal cooperation. The grand coalition demonstrates the QoS value of composite service and the payoff value for the players in the cooperative game. The research has compared the games’ results. The players’ payoff and the QoS value are better in the cooperative game than in the non-cooperative game. Therefore, the MCS providers and consumers are satisfied mutually in the cooperative game based on ESCM. Finally, the article has applied ESCM in a Healthcare Service to equip 24 hospitals in the best time.

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基于非合作与合作博弈理论的云制造均衡服务组合模型

工业4.0是基于信息和通信技术（ICT）的制造系统的数字化，用于开发制造系统以提高效率和提高生产率。云制造（CM）是工业4.0的范例。云制造系统（CMS）会将任何内容视为服务。根据CMS的服务组成，根据消费者的需求开发最终产品。同样，基于来自不同地理位置的MCS提供程序的交互来开发复合服务。因此，基于CMS中的实际条件，适当的制造云服务（MCS）组成是一个重要的问题。博弈论根据实际条件，基于MCS提供程序之间的交互来研究数学模型的开发。本研究基于博弈论建立了云制造中的均衡服务组合模型（ESCM）。MCS提供者和消费者基于ESCM互惠互利。MCS提供商是游戏中的参与者。收益函数是基于利润函数开发的。同样，游戏策略是基于ESCM中消费者需求的服务质量（QoS）级别。首先，本文开发了一种基于非合作博弈的复合服务。纳什均衡点演示了复合服务的QoS值和参与者的收益值。其次，本文开发了一种基于合作博弈的复合服务。玩家参加联盟以在正式合作的基础上开发综合服务。大联盟展示了组合服务的QoS值以及合作游戏中玩家的收益值。研究已经比较了游戏的结果。合作游戏中玩家的收益和QoS值比非合作游戏中更好。因此，在基于ESCM的合作博弈中，MCS提供者和消费者可以相互满足。最后，本文将ESCM应用于医疗保健服务，以便在最佳时间为24家医院配备设备。