Interest in the electrification of agricultural vehicles is increasing along with growing interest in autonomous vehicles. Individual technologies have been well-explored, but not their combined use and the effects on agricultural fieldwork. In this study, cost analysis was conducted based on a simulated vehicle system with 50 kW self-driving battery-electric drive (BED) tractors. The analysis included battery degradation due to cycling and the cost of inadequate machine capacity, as these factors are suspected to be problems for electric tractors. A dynamic discrete-event vehicle system model, a linear timeliness model and a one-dimensional battery cell ageing model were assumed. Costs obtained were compared with those of contemporary manned diesel-based systems. BED systems had equal or lower annual costs compared to conventional manned diesel-based systems; this was due to lower costs for fuel and maintenance, while providing adequate capacity and lower energy usage. Sensitivity analysis showed that operating costs were of greater significance than investment costs. The generally more expensive investment costs of BED systems were outweighed by the reduced operating costs for several different BED system systems. Battery degradation costs and timeliness were influential, but not sufficient to make the system uncompetitive. The synergistic effect of vehicular autonomy and BED outweighed several of the drawbacks of BED systems, such as frequent recharging, increased transport and reduced consecutive work time.

随着对自动驾驶汽车的兴趣与日俱增，人们对农用汽车的电动化的兴趣也在日益增加。个别技术已经得到了很好的探索，但是没有将它们结合使用以及对农业实地调查的影响。在这项研究中，成本分析是基于带有50 kW自动驾驶电池电驱动（BED）拖拉机的模拟车辆系统进行的。分析包括电池由于循环而退化以及机器容量不足的成本，因为这些因素被怀疑是电动拖拉机的问题。建立了动态​​离散事件车辆系统模型，线性时效性模型和一维电池单元老化模型。将获得的成本与现代载人柴油系统的成本进行了比较。与传统的载人柴油系统相比，BED​​系统的年成本相等或更低。这是由于降低了燃料和维护成本，同时提供了足够的容量和更低的能源消耗。敏感性分析表明，运营成本比投资成本具有更大的意义。BED系统通常更昂贵的投资成本被几种不同的BED系统系统的运营成本降低所抵消。电池降级的成本和及时性具有影响力，但不足以使系统失去竞争力。车辆自主性和BED的协同作用克服了BED系统的一些缺点，例如频繁充电，增加运输和减少连续工作时间。同时提供足够的容量并降低能耗。敏感性分析表明，运营成本比投资成本具有更大的意义。BED系统通常更昂贵的投资成本被几种不同的BED系统系统的运营成本降低所抵消。电池降级的成本和及时性具有影响力，但不足以使系统失去竞争力。车辆自主性和BED的协同作用克服了BED系统的一些缺点，例如频繁充电，增加运输和减少连续工作时间。同时提供足够的容量并降低能耗。敏感性分析表明，运营成本比投资成本具有更大的意义。BED系统通常更昂贵的投资成本被几种不同的BED系统系统的运营成本降低所抵消。电池降级的成本和及时性具有影响力，但不足以使系统失去竞争力。车辆自主性和BED的协同作用克服了BED系统的一些缺点，例如频繁充电，增加运输和减少连续工作时间。BED系统通常更昂贵的投资成本被几种不同的BED系统系统的运营成本降低所抵消。电池降级的成本和及时性具有影响力，但不足以使系统失去竞争力。车辆自主性和BED的协同作用克服了BED系统的一些缺点，例如频繁充电，增加运输和减少连续工作时间。BED系统通常更昂贵的投资成本被几种不同的BED系统系统的运营成本降低所抵消。电池降级的成本和及时性具有影响力，但不足以使系统失去竞争力。车辆自主性和BED的协同作用克服了BED系统的一些缺点，例如频繁充电，增加运输和减少连续工作时间。