Assessment of pedestrian exposure and lung deposition is critical to better understanding the health risks resulting from exposure to ambient particles, and to develop site-specific risk control countermeasures. In this study, real-time mobile-monitoring campaigns of three different PM size fractions (PM₁₀, PM_2.5 and UFP) were performed during morning and evening peak hours in two seasons (summer and winter), along road sections with differing characteristics (commercial and residential) in Xi'an, China. The Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry model (MPPD) was utilized to quantify the total and regional depositions for both adults and teens of different genders. Observed PM₁₀, PM_2.5 and UFP concentrations showed pronounced regional, seasonal, and diurnal variabilities. The total deposition dose was higher in males than in females for all particle-size fractions in both age groups, except for UFPs in the teen group, the total deposition dose was higher in females. As for regional depositions, these were observed to be highest in the head region, compared with the tracheobronchial and pulmonary regions, regardless of a participant's age or gender. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 showed the highest depositions in the head region for all age groups (PM₁₀: 90%; PM_2.5: 67%), while UFP was highly deposited in the pulmonary region (66%). The dominant percentage of UFP deposition in the pulmonary regions strengthens the need to incorporate UFP into the current air-quality index.

对行人暴露和肺部沉积的评估对于更好地了解由于暴露于环境颗粒而导致的健康风险以及制定针对特定地点的风险控制对策至关重要。在这项研究中，在两个季节（夏季和冬季）的高峰时段和傍晚时段，沿着具有不同特征的路段，进行了三种不同PM尺寸分数（PM ₁₀，PM _2.5和UFP）的实时移动监控活动。商业和住宅）。利用多径粒子剂量模型（MPPD）来量化不同性别的成年人和青少年的总沉积物和区域沉积物。观察到的PM ₁₀，PM _2.5和UFP浓度显示出明显的区域，季节和昼夜变化。在两个年龄组中，所有粒径分数的男性总沉积剂量均高于女性，除了青少年组的UFPs，女性的总沉积剂量更高。至于区域性沉积物，与参与者的年龄或性别无关，与气管支气管和肺部区域相比，这些沉积物在头部区域最高。PM ₁₀和PM _2.5在所有年龄段的头部区域均表现出最高的沉积率（PM ₁₀：90％； PM _2.5：67％），而UFP高度沉积在肺区域（66％）。UFP在肺部区域的沉积占主导地位，这增加了将UFP纳入当前空气质量指数的必要性。