ABSTRACT The George Reeves site (11S650) is a multicomponent village on the bluffs in the central American Bottom, Illinois. The site was occupied from the Late Woodland Rosewood phase through the Mississippian Lohmann phase. Pottery use and dietary variation between the Late Woodland and Emergent Mississippian occupations at the site were explored through stylistic analysis, pottery residue analysis, and compound-specific carbon isotopic analysis of pottery residues. Although more samples should be analyzed, diet and pottery use at George Reeves seems to have been varied, with maize present by cal AD 900–1000, but comprising a relatively small portion of lipid residues in pottery. Residue analysis indicates a C4 presence in 5 of 16 sampled pots from the early Emergent Mississippian deriving from either maize or from meat from animals consuming maize. Pottery residues were mixed, showing C3 and C4 plants as well as meat and fish or shellfish. One residue showed a high incidence of C4 contribution, most likely from Portulaca oleracea (common purslane), as well as large amounts of fish or shellfish and another C3 plant. Residue from a ceramic pipestem indicates that maize may have been smoked, probably in the form of maize silk mixed with other nontobacco plants.

中文翻译：

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在乔治·里夫斯 (George Reeves) 遗址 (11S650) 的密西西比河过渡期间改变食物的分子证据

摘要 George Reeves 遗址 (11S650) 是伊利诺伊州中美洲底部悬崖上的一个多组件村庄。该场地从晚林地红木阶段到密西西比罗曼阶段都被占用。通过风格分析、陶器残留物分析和陶器残留物的化合物特定碳同位素分析，探索了该遗址晚期林地和新兴密西西比职业之间的陶器使用和饮食差异。尽管应该分析更多的样品，乔治·里夫斯的饮食和陶器使用似乎有所不同，玉米在公元 900-1000 年出现，但在陶器中只包含相对较少的脂类残留物。残留分析表明，在 16 个来自早期密西西比河早期出现的样品盆中，有 5 个中存在 C4，这些样品来源于玉米或食用玉米的动物的肉。陶器残留物混杂，显示 C3 和 C4 植物以及肉类和鱼类或贝类。一种残留物显示出高发生率的 C4 贡献，最有可能来自马齿苋（普通马齿苋），以及大量鱼类或贝类和另一种 C3 植物。陶瓷烟斗的残留物表明玉米可能被熏制过，可能是玉米丝与其他非烟草植物混合的形式。以及大量的鱼或贝类和另一种 C3 植物。陶瓷烟斗的残留物表明玉米可能被熏制过，可能是玉米丝与其他非烟草植物混合的形式。以及大量的鱼或贝类和另一种 C3 植物。陶瓷烟斗的残留物表明玉米可能被熏制过，可能是玉米丝与其他非烟草植物混合的形式。