ABSTRACT Within South East Asia, informal, non-state development actors have become more prominent. The case of small-scale, private aid activities in Cambodia offers the opportunity to reflect on how state frameworks and interventions matter for such projects. Typically, theories of how a state encourages its citizens’ pro-social behaviour while retracting is own commitments, view this within a single nation state. Citizen aid in Cambodia, however, is often characterised by collaborations between national and international peers, and relies, to some extent, on resource flows along those networks. It encourages us to think through such approaches transnationally. This means broadening the analytical framework of the ‘moral neoliberal' (Muehlebach 2012, The Moral Neoliberal: Welfare and Citizenship in Italy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press) to account for the fact that activities of thus-responsibilised citizens expand beyond the confines of their nation state. In the Cambodian case, a lack of public service provision, combined with a hitherto loosely regulated third sector, have created conditions where such initiatives have proliferated. The case of private aid thus challenges the scope of ‘moral neoliberal', as conceived within the framework of a nation state, as it leaves out of sight those ‘ethical citizens’ who are active transnationally.

中文翻译：

---

跨国化“道德新自由主义”？柬埔寨的私人援助计划

摘要 在东南亚，非正式的非国家发展参与者变得更加突出。柬埔寨小规模私人援助活动的案例提供了反思国家框架和干预对此类项目的重要性的机会。通常，关于一个国家如何鼓励其公民的亲社会行为同时收回其承诺的理论，请在单个民族国家内看待这一点。然而，柬埔寨的公民援助通常以国家和国际同行之间的合作为特征，并且在某种程度上依赖于这些网络上的资源流动。它鼓励我们以跨国方式思考此类方法。这意味着拓宽“道德新自由主义”的分析框架（Muehlebach 2012，道德新自由主义：意大利的福利和公民身份。芝加哥，伊利诺伊州：芝加哥大学出版社）来解释这样一个事实，即有责任的公民的活动超出了他们民族国家的范围。在柬埔寨的案例中，缺乏公共服务提供，加上迄今为止对第三部门的监管松散，为此类举措的激增创造了条件。因此，私人援助的案例挑战了在民族国家框架内构想的“道德新自由主义”的范围，因为它忽略了那些活跃于跨国界的“道德公民”。