It is a contemporary truism to observe that in the last 15 years the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and the Court have been subject to fierce criticism. Although the criticism has come from various backgrounds, two main strands of criticism can easily be underscored. On the one hand, the Court has been criticised for not sufficiently respecting local diversity. This argument led to a renewed interest in the margin of appreciation doctrine, which through Protocol number 15 to the Convention will make its way to the Preamble of the Convention. On the other hand, the Court’s all too dynamic interpretation of the Convention has been called into question. According to this criticism, the judges in the Strasbourg Court would not only extend the scope of the Convention to rights not included in the Convention (such as social-economic rights), but they would equally give them a ‘liberal’ interpretation, giving a progressive swing to the Convention. For some years now, lawyers and legal scholars have been fascinated by these debates and an historian now brings some essential arguments into the discussion. Marco Duranti’s book ‘The Conservation Human Rights Revolution’ now skillfully demonstrates that as far as its origins are concerned, the ECHR is not the progressive treaty it is perceived to have become. The author

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保守的人权革命。欧洲认同、跨国政治和欧洲公约的起源

在过去的 15 年中，欧洲人权公约 (ECHR) 和法院受到了激烈的批评，这是当代的老生常谈。尽管批评来自不同的背景，但可以很容易地强调两种主要的批评。一方面，法院因没有充分尊重当地多样性而受到批评。这一论点重新引起了对鉴赏幅度原则的兴趣，该原则将通过公约第 15 号议定书进入公约序言。另一方面，法院对《公约》过于动态的解释受到质疑。根据这一批评，斯特拉斯堡法院的法官不仅将公约的范围扩大到公约未包括的权利（如社会经济权利），但他们同样会给他们一个“自由”的解释，给公约一个渐进的摇摆。多年来，律师和法律学者一直对这些辩论着迷，现在历史学家将一些重要的论点带入讨论中。马可·杜兰蒂 (Marco Duranti) 的著作《保护人权革命》现在巧妙地表明，就其起源而言，《欧洲人权公约》并不是人们认为的进步条约。作者 马可·杜兰蒂 (Marco Duranti) 的著作《保护人权革命》现在巧妙地表明，就其起源而言，《欧洲人权公约》并不是人们认为的进步条约。作者 马可·杜兰蒂 (Marco Duranti) 的著作《保护人权革命》现在巧妙地表明，就其起源而言，《欧洲人权公约》并不是人们认为的进步条约。作者