ABSTRACT

The study of a set of marine arthropod shells from an archaeological excavation carried out in 1991–1992 in the tholos of La Pastora (Cooper Age Mega-site of Valencina-Castilleja, S Spain), has highlighted the environmental implications and ornamental use as beads not cited so far for this purpose. It is the barnacle species Chthamalus montagui Southward, 1976, of which are preserved 71 complete specimens. In this study a taxonomic analysis of these organisms is carried out, determining their classification and their physical and ecological characteristics, which make them especially suitable for this use. The interpretation is made regarding the environment in which these organisms were collected during the 3rd millennium BCE. Thus, it points towards a protected coastal area, but with a predominant marine influence, such as the wide marine bay that formed the mouth of the Guadalquivir River in those times. Finally, a radiocarbon analysis of one of these beads and two specimens of another species of barnacle collected in the rocks of the monument, provide a time range of 2760–2200 yr BCE. This range is consistent with the period of activity in the monument estimated by other authors.

摘要

对 1991 年至 1992 年在 La Pastora（西班牙南部瓦伦西纳-卡斯蒂利亚的库珀时代巨型遗址）进行的考古发掘中的一组海洋节肢动物贝壳的研究强调了珠子对环境的影响和观赏用途到目前为止没有为此目的引用。它是藤壶物种Chthamalus montagui南下，1976年，其中保存完整标本71件。在这项研究中，对这些生物进行了分类分析，确定了它们的分类及其物理和生态特征，这使得它们特别适合这种用途。解释是关于在公元前 3 世纪收集这些生物的环境。因此，它指向一个受保护的沿海地区，但具有主要的海洋影响，例如当时形成瓜达尔基维尔河河口的广阔海洋海湾。最后，对其中一个珠子和在纪念碑岩石中收集的另一种藤壶的两个标本进行放射性碳分析，提供了公元前 2760-2200 年的时间范围。该范围与其他作者估计的纪念碑活动时期一致。