Orchids are horticultural plants with significant ornamental and economic value. Increasing market circulation and rising trade in orchids is forcing breeders to develop varieties with unique characteristics, including flower color, morphology, and resistance using a range of approaches, including traditional and molecular breeding. Advances in high-throughput technologies have generated extensive data sets with greater sequencing depths and broader coverage, providing the potential for discovering new genes/pathways that give rise to key traits. Several attempts have been made to use emerging molecular and omics methods to accelerate the breeding process in certain of the commercially valuable orchids. This review consolidates current approaches and achievements in orchid breeding and discusses their future applications for improving the resistance, ornamental, and other valuable characteristics of these plants.

兰花是具有重要观赏价值和经济价值的园艺植物。兰花市场流通的增加和兰花贸易的增加迫使育种者使用一系列方法（包括传统和分子育种）开发具有独特特征的品种，包括花色、形态和抗性。高通量技术的进步产生了具有更大测序深度和更广泛覆盖范围的广泛数据集，为发现产生关键性状的新基因/途径提供了潜力。已经多次尝试使用新兴的分子和组学方法来加速某些具有商业价值的兰花的育种过程。