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Landscape modification due to agricultural irrigation: Carbonate tufa formation on Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
Anthropocene ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ancene.2021.100285
Ana María Alonso-Zarza , Ramón Casillas , Álvaro Rodríguez-Berriguete

The use of irrigation water on Tenerife has modified the hydrogeological system resulting in the formation of an anthropogenic carbonate tufa. The processes involved in its formation are: 1) infiltration of rainwater and mixing with groundwater rich in volcanic carbon dioxide (CO2), 2) weathering of volcanic rocks increasing the ion content of the water, 3) extraction of this water from subterranean galleries and channels and spilling it onto the Lomo Morin slope, 4) mechanical CO2 degassing and photosynthetic activity driving calcite precipitation. The tufa consists of boundstones of algae and coated stems of reeds, along with laminated microbial crusts. Textures range from microspar to coarse mosaics to fibrous-radial calcite, all containing biogenic features. The presence of the green macroalga Blidingia is noticeable.

Carbon stable isotope ratio (δ13C) varies between -3.58 and +1.03‰ VPDB (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite) and oxygen stable isotope ratio (δ18O) between -6.77 and -5.00‰ VPDB, highlighting the largely meteoric origin of the water with some addition of deep CO2. A strontium isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr) of 0.7030 confirms the weathering of volcanic rocks as the source of calcium.

The Lomo Morin tufa provides a scale model of how water use contributes to rapid landscape change through alterations in the hydrogeological system. It also provides a good example of a CO2 sink in a continental setting, and is comparable to the global carbon cycle, which mostly involves marine limestones. Although anthropogenic processes are commonly viewed negatively, the human modification of the hydrogeological system reported in this study has produced changes to geological and ecological conditions that have increased the geo - and biodiversity of the island.



中文翻译:

农业灌溉导致的景观改造:西班牙加那利群岛特内里费岛碳酸盐石灰石形成

特内里费岛上灌溉水的使用改变了水文地质系统,导致形成了人为的碳酸盐凝灰岩。其形成过程涉及:1)雨水渗透并与富含火山二氧化碳(CO 2)的地下水混合,2)火山岩风化增加水的离子含量,3)从地下画廊中提取这种水和通道并将其洒到Lomo Morin斜坡上,4)机械CO 2脱气和光合作用活动驱动方解石沉淀。凝灰岩由藻类的结石和芦苇涂层的茎以及层积的微生物结皮组成。纹理范围从微晶石到粗糙的马赛克,再到纤维状的方解石,均具有生物成因特征。绿色大型藻类Blidingia的存在非常明显。

碳的稳定同位素比率(δ 13 C)-3.58和1.03 + VPDB‰(维也纳小便Dee箭石)和氧稳定同位素比之间变化(δ 18 O)-6.77 -5.00和VPDB‰,突出的很大程度上大气原点之间加了深的CO 2的水。锶同位素比(87 Sr / 86 Sr)为0.7030证实了火山岩的风化是钙的来源。

Lomo Morin凝灰岩提供了一个比例模型,该模型说明了水的使用如何通过水文地质系统的变化促进景观的快速变化。它也提供了一个在大陆环境中CO 2汇的很好的例子,并且可以与全球性的碳循环相提并论,后者主要涉及海洋石灰石。尽管通常对人为过程持否定态度,但这项研究中报告的人类对水文地质系统的改造已使地质和生态条件发生了变化,从而增加了该岛的地理和生物多样性。

更新日期:2021-02-27
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