The 2019-novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia epidemic is a thorny public health problem faced by health officials and a major cause of concern for health professionals. However, the currently used immortalized cell lines and animal models, though easy to manipulate, can not thoroughly simulate real viral activity due to a lack of target cells, species isolation, and insufficient adequate tissues and organs for clinical research. Organoid that emerges as an effective model and time-saving approach can simulate the viral life cycle in vitro and explore a therapeutic target for antiviral drug development. The 3D tissue cultures contain patient-specific stem cells in vitro to mimic the complexity of real tissue within the 3D microstructure that has the same functionality as the tissue of interest. It avoids the problems such as the distortion of genetic markers and animal ethics of using 2D cultures for animal testing and can be employed in studies of specific-organ viral infections to fully understand the physiopathological mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection for vaccine research and development.

中文翻译：

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类器官：SARS-CoV-2 转化研究的新模型。

2019 年新型冠状病毒 (SARS-CoV-2) 肺炎疫情是卫生官员面临的棘手公共卫生问题，也是卫生专业人员关注的主要原因。然而，目前使用的永生化细胞系和动物模型虽然易于操作，但由于缺乏靶细胞、物种隔离以及临床研究所需的组织器官不足，无法完全模拟真实的病毒活动。作为有效模型和省时方法出现的类器官可以在体外模拟病毒生命周期并探索抗病毒药物开发的治疗靶点。3D 组织培养物在体外包含患者特异性干细胞，以在 3D 微结构内模拟真实组织的复杂性，与感兴趣的组织具有相同的功能。它避免了使用二维培养物进行动物试验时遗传标记失真和动物伦理等问题，可用于特定器官病毒感染的研究，充分了解SARS-CoV-2感染的生理病理机制，用于疫苗研究和发展。