Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by anal cancer, predominantly caused by high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Currently, the nonavalent HPV vaccine provides coverage against nine HPV genotypes, including seven HR-HPV genotypes. Here, we characterize anal HR-HPV genotype distribution and associated risk factors in MSM from Toronto, Canada recruited between September 2010 and June 2012. Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test was used for continuous variables, Chi-square test was performed for categorical variables, and a multivariable model using logistic regression was created to assess for correlates of anal HR-HPV infection. A total of 442 MSM were recruited, with a median age of 45 (IQR 38–50) and an overall HPV prevalence of 82%. The prevalence of any HR-HPV infection was 65.3% and 50.7% in the HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM, respectively. No participant tested positive for all genotypes covered by the nonavalent vaccine. HIV status (aOR 1.806; 95% CI 1.159–2.816), smoking (aOR 2.176; 95% CI 1.285–3.685) and the number of lifetime sexual partners (aOR 2.466; 95% CI 1.092–5.567) were independent risk factors for anal HR-HPV infection. Our findings will be useful to inform HPV vaccine rollout and HPV prevention strategies in Canadian MSM.

男男性行为者 (MSM) 不成比例地受到肛门癌的影响，主要由高危 (HR) 人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 感染引起。目前，九价 HPV 疫苗可覆盖 9 种 HPV 基因型，包括 7 种 HR-HPV 基因型。在这里，我们描述了 2010 年 9 月至 2012 年 6 月期间从加拿大多伦多招募的 MSM 的肛门 HR-HPV 基因型分布和相关风险因素。 Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney 检验用于连续变量，卡方检验用于分类变量，并且创建了使用逻辑回归的多变量模型来评估肛门 HR-HPV 感染的相关性。总共招募了 442 名 MSM，中位年龄为 45 岁（IQR 38-50），总体 HPV 患病率为 82%。任何 HR-HPV 感染的患病率分别为 65.3% 和 50%。在 HIV 阳性和 HIV 阴性 MSM 中分别为 7%。没有参与者对九价疫苗涵盖的所有基因型检测呈阳性。HIV 状态（aOR 1.806；95% CI 1.159–2.816）、吸烟（aOR 2.176；95% CI 1.285–3.685）和终生性伴侣数量（aOR 2.466；95% CI 1.092–5.567）是独立的危险因素HR-HPV 感染。我们的研究结果将有助于为加拿大 MSM 的 HPV 疫苗推广和 HPV 预防策略提供信息。