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Differential susceptibility 2.0: Are the same children affected by different experiences and exposures?
Development and Psychopathology ( IF 5.317 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-26 , DOI: 10.1017/s0954579420002205
Jay Belsky 1 , Xiaoya Zhang 1 , Kristina Sayler 1
Affiliation  

Differential susceptibility theory stipulates that some children are more susceptible than others to both supportive and adverse developmental experiences/exposures. What remains unclear is whether the same individuals are most affected by different exposures (i.e., domain general vs. specific). We address this issue empirically for the first time using, for illustrative and proof-of-principle purposes, a novel influence-statistics’ method with data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care. Results indicated that previously documented effects of greater quality of care on enhanced pre-academic skills and greater quantity of care on more behavior problems apply mostly to different children. Analyses validating the new method indicated, as predicted, that (a) the quantity-of-care effect applied principally to children from more socioeconomically advantaged families and that (b) being highly susceptible to both, one or neither childcare effect varied as a function of a three-gene, polygenic-plasticity score (serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region [5-HTTLPR], dopamine receptor D4 [DRD4], brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]) in a dose–response manner (i.e., 2>1>0). While domain-specific findings involving child-care effects cannot be generalized to other environmental influences, the influence-statistics’ approach appears well suited for investigating the generality–specificity of environment effects, that is, of “differential, differential susceptibility.”



中文翻译:

差异敏感性 2.0:相同的孩子是否受到不同经历和暴露的影响?

差异易感性理论规定,一些儿童比其他儿童更容易受到支持性和不利的发展经历/暴露的影响。尚不清楚的是同一个人是否受不同暴露的影响最大(即,域一般与特定)。为了说明和原理证明的目的,我们首次使用一种新的影响统计方法从经验上解决了这个问题来自美国国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所 (NICHD) 幼儿保育研究的数据。结果表明,先前记录的更高质量的护理对提高学前技能的影响和更多的护理对更多行为问题的影响主要适用于不同的儿童。验证新方法的分析表明,正如预测的那样,(a) 看护数量效应主要适用于来自社会经济优势较高家庭的儿童,以及 (b) 对这两种、一种或两种育儿效应都高度敏感,随函数而变化三基因、多基因可塑性评分(血清素转运蛋白连接的多态性区域 [ 5-HTTLPR ]、多巴胺受体 D4 [DRD4]、脑源性神经营养因子 [ BDNF]) 以剂量反应方式(即 2>1>0)。虽然涉及儿童保育效果的特定领域发现不能推广到其他环境影响,但影响统计的方法似乎非常适合研究环境影响的普遍性 - 特异性,即“不同的、不同的敏感性”。

更新日期:2021-02-26
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