Abstract

Ammonia (NH₃) produced inside livestock houses can adversely affect animal welfare and performance and degrade the environment. In broiler houses, NH₃ levels are mitigated by applying acidifiers to the litter but acidifiers provide short-term NH₃ suppression requiring heavy or repeated applications. Microbial additives may provide longer-term NH₃ control through nitrogen (N) immobilization and nitrification. The objective of this 50-d lab study was to evaluate the impact of two microbial additives (Environoc 301 and Environoc 501), 2% glucose, and distilled water (control) treatments applied to broiler litter on NH₃ emissions and litter properties. During the first 34 d, glucose significantly but modestly reduced NH₃ emissions vs. the other treatments which were not significantly different from one-another. For the entire study, when glucose was excluded (due to lost replicates), the three treatments were not significantly different. The unreplicated glucose treatment had higher final litter nitrate concentration than the other treatments. Litter properties were unaffected by the two microbial additive and control treatments. The effectiveness of glucose in reducing NH₃ emission could have been due to greater N immobilization and nitrification vs. the other treatments. More research on cost-effective labile carbon sources and higher application rates to achieve greater NH₃ reduction is required.

摘要

牲畜舍内产生的氨（NH ₃）会对动物的福利和性能产生不利影响，并破坏环境。在肉鸡场中，通过向垫料上施用酸化剂可以减轻NH ₃含量，但酸化剂可短期抑制NH _3，需要大量或重复施用。微生物添加剂可通过固定氮（N）和硝化作用来提供较长期的NH ₃控制。这项为期50天的实验室研究的目的是评估两种微生物添加剂（Environoc 301和Environoc 501），2％葡萄糖和蒸馏水（对照）处理对肉仔鸡垫料对NH _{3的影响。}排放物和垃圾属性。在头34 d，与其他处理相比，葡萄糖显着但适度地减少了NH ₃排放，彼此之间没有显着差异。在整个研究中，当排除葡萄糖（由于重复丢失）时，三种治疗方法无显着差异。未复制的葡萄糖处理比其他处理具有更高的最终凋落物硝酸盐浓度。凋落物的特性不受两种微生物添加剂和对照处理的影响。葡萄糖在减少NH ₃排放方面的有效性可能是由于与其他处理方法相比，N固定化和硝化作用增强。对具有成本效益的不稳定碳源和更高的使用率以实现更大的NH _3的更多研究 需要减少。