Atomism originated in ancient Greek natural philosophy as the thesis that the material world is ultimately composed of indivisible bodies or atoms. The question of atomism remained the focus of philosophical investigation in medieval and modern times, and it is now often set against the background of mereology conceived as a formal framework for the regimentation of central mereological concepts and principles. Now: in formal mereology, an atom is an object without proper parts, and atomism is the principle that objects are composed of atoms. Composition in turn is generally characterized in terms of fusion: an object is composed of some objects if, and only if, it is a fusion of them, and they are pairwise disjoint.1 Atomism is eventually regimented as the axiom that every object has atomic parts, i.e., the atomicity axiom. On the assumption that parthood is reflexive and transitive, atomicity entails that 1See (van Inwagen, 1990, 29).

中文翻译：

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原子和组合

原子论起源于古希腊自然哲学，认为物质世界最终是由不可分割的物体或原子组成的。原子论问题仍然是中世纪和现代哲学研究的焦点，现在它经常被置于分体学的背景下，分体学被视为中央分体学概念和原则的规范化的正式框架。现在：在形式分体学中，原子是没有适当部分的对象，原子论是对象由原子组成的原理。组合通常以融合为特征：一个对象由一些对象组成，当且仅当它是这些对象的融合，并且它们是成对不相交的。 1 原子论最终被定义为每个对象都有原子的公理部分，即原子性公理。