Consider the following pair of cases: Case 1. You can save one person from death, or some larger number of people, N 1, from paralysis. Case 2.You can save one person from death, or some larger number of people, N 2, from a mild headache. On one view, let’s call it Pure Aggregation, in both cases we have to see how large N is before deciding what to do. If N 1 gets large enough, we should save the people from paralysis. And if N 2 gets large enough, we should prevent the mild headaches. According to another view, Anti-Aggregation, in both cases we should save the one person from death: we should simply satisfy the strongest claim, no matter how large the number of people possessing competing weaker claims gets.

中文翻译：

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关于有限聚合

考虑以下两个案例： 案例 1. 你可以拯救一个人免于死亡，或者更多的人，N 1，免于瘫痪。案例 2. 你可以拯救一个人免于死亡，或者更多的人，N 2，免于轻微的头痛。一种观点，让我们称之为纯聚合，在两种情况下，我们都必须在决定做什么之前先看看 N 有多大。如果N 1 足够大，我们应该使人们免于瘫痪。如果 N 2 足够大，我们应该防止轻微的头痛。根据另一种观点，Anti-Aggregation，在这两种情况下，我们都应该拯救一个人免于死亡：我们应该只满足最强的主张，无论拥有竞争性较弱主张的人数有多少。