Human rights have long been discussed in relation to global governance processes, but there has been disagreement about whether (and how) a consideration for human rights should be incorporated into the workings of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), one of the main bodies of Internet governance. Internet governance is generally regarded as a site of innovation in global governance; one in which civil society can, in theory, contribute equally with government and industry. This article uses the lens of boundary object theory to examine how civil society actors succeeded in inscribing human rights as a Core Value in ICANN’s bylaws. As a “boundary object” in the negotiations, the concept of human rights provided enough interpretive flexibility to translate to the social realities of the various stakeholder groups, including government and industry. This consensus-building process was bound by the organizing structure of the boundary object (human rights), and its ability to accommodate the interests of the different parties. The presence of civil society at the negotiating table demanded a shift in strategy from the usual “outsider” tactics of issue framing and agenda setting, to a more complex and iterative process of “productive contestation,” a consensus-building process fueled by the differences of experience and interests of parties, bound together by the organizing structure of the boundary object. This article describes how this process ultimately resulted in the successful adoption of human rights in ICANN’s bylaws.

中文翻译：

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生产性竞赛，公民社会和全球治理：人权是ICANN的边界对象

长期以来，人们一直在就全球治理流程讨论人权问题，但对于是否应（以及如何）将对人权的考虑纳入互联网名称与数字地址分配机构（ICANN）的工作，一直存在分歧。互联网治理的主体。互联网治理通常被认为是全球治理创新的场所；从理论上讲，民间社会可以在其中为政府和企业做出同等贡献。本文使用边界对象理论的视角来研究民间社会行为者如何成功地将人权作为ICANN章程的核心价值。作为谈判的“边界对象”，人权概念提供了足够的解释灵活性，可以转化为各个利益相关者群体的社会现实，包括政府和行业。建立共识的过程受边界对象（人权）的组织结构及其适应不同当事方利益的能力的约束。民间社会在谈判桌旁的存在要求将战略从通常的“局外人”问题框架和议程制定策略转变为更复杂和反复的“生产性竞争”过程，这一过程是由分歧推动的建立共识的过程各方的经验和利益，由边界对象的组织结构捆绑在一起。本文介绍了此过程最终如何导致ICANN章程中成功采用了人权。以及适应各方利益的能力。民间社会在谈判桌旁的存在要求将战略从通常的“局外人”问题框架和议程制定策略转变为更复杂和反复的“生产性竞争”过程，这一过程是由分歧推动的建立共识的过程各方的经验和利益，由边界对象的组织结构捆绑在一起。本文介绍了此过程最终如何最终成功地使ICANN章程中的人权获得通过。以及适应各方利益的能力。民间社会在谈判桌旁的存在要求将战略从通常的“局外人”问题框架和议程制定策略转变为更复杂和反复的“生产性竞争”过程，这一过程是由分歧推动的建立共识的过程各方的经验和利益，由边界对象的组织结构捆绑在一起。本文介绍了此过程最终如何导致ICANN章程中成功采用了人权。到“生产性竞争”的更复杂和迭代的过程，这是建立共识的过程，其中各方的经验和利益的差异推动了这一共识的产生，边界实体的组织结构将它们捆绑在一起。本文介绍了此过程最终如何导致ICANN章程中成功采用了人权。到“生产性竞争”的更复杂和迭代的过程，这是建立共识的过程，其中各方的经验和利益的差异推动了这一共识的产生，边界实体的组织结构将它们捆绑在一起。本文介绍了此过程最终如何最终成功地使ICANN章程中的人权获得通过。