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Fraud in Medical Crowdfunding: A Typology of Publicized Cases and Policy Recommendations
Policy & Internet ( IF 4.510 ) Pub Date : 2018-10-28 , DOI: 10.1002/poi3.188
Marco Zenone , Jeremy Snyder

Medical crowdfunding is an increasingly popular means of leveraging social networks to raise money for health‐related expenses. While providing crucial access to care for many, it is also accompanied by increased risks of fraudulent activity. While many such cases of fraud have been publicized by the news media, and research articles mention the potential for increased risk of fraud, little is known about the types of fraud that occur within medical crowdfunding. This article develops of a typology of fraud cases described in the news media by retrieving 52 cases of medical crowdfunding fraud through a search of news media and an online aggregator of crowdfunding fraud. We identified the following categories of fraud: faking/exaggerating one's own illness (n = 29), faking/exaggerating another's illness (n = 7), impersonation (n = 8), and misapplication of funds (n = 8). Building on these findings, we identify several limitations to existing anti fraud policies, and offer five policy recommendations to identify instances of medical crowdfunding fraud, prevent such fraud, and offer better outcomes to its victims.

中文翻译:

医疗众筹中的欺诈:公开案例和政策建议的类型

医疗众筹是一种越来越流行的利用社交网络为健康相关费用筹集资金的手段。在为许多人提供至关重要的护理服务的同时,还伴随着欺诈活动的风险增加。尽管新闻媒体已经公开了许多此类欺诈案件,并且研究文章提到了欺诈风险增加的可能性,但对于医疗众筹中发生的欺诈类型知之甚少。本文通过搜索新闻媒体和在线众筹欺诈汇总器,检索了52个医疗众筹欺诈案例,从而发展了新闻媒体中描述的欺诈案件类型。我们确定了以下几种欺诈行为:伪造/夸大自己的疾病(n = 29),伪造/夸大另一个人的疾病(n = 7),冒充他人(n = 8),以及资金使用不当(n = 8)。基于这些发现,我们确定了现有反欺诈政策的几个局限性,并提供了五项政策建议,以识别医疗众筹欺诈的实例,防止此类欺诈,并为其受害者提供更好的结果。
更新日期:2018-10-28
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