The current paper seeks to integrate social and cognitive psychological literature to provide a multifaceted understanding of attention to race. Social psychological studies show that participants demonstrate attentional bias to racial out‐group versus in‐group faces. Most of this research utilizes White participants and examines the attentional bias to Black faces, concluding that threat stereotypes or negative racial attitudes underlie attentional bias. However, visual processing research demonstrates that various stimulus‐ and perceiver‐driven processes impact attention, suggesting that mechanisms other than racial stereotypes may underlie race‐based attention. We propose a framework of attention that accounts not only for direct influences of the stimulus and perceiver but also perceiver‐stimulus interactions that emerge iteratively over time. We apply this framework to existing research on attention to race, elucidating various processes that can explain the attention to racial out‐groups. We propose that our framework can account for attention to race more generally, beyond the oft‐used Black versus White paradigm. We argue that mechanisms underlying attentional bias to race encompass complex factors beyond stereotypes and that our framework can account for stimulus, perceiver, and iterative processes that impact attention to race.

中文翻译：

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超越刻板印象：关注种族外群体面孔的复杂性

本论文旨在整合社会和认知心理学文献，以提供对种族关注的多方面理解。社会心理学研究表明，参与者表现出对种族外群体和群体内面孔的关注偏见。大多数研究利用白人参与者并研究对黑人面孔的注意偏见，认为威胁刻板印象或负面的种族态度是注意偏见的基础。但是，视觉处理研究表明，各种刺激和知觉驱动过程会影响注意力，这表明基于种族的注意可能是种族刻板印象以外的机制。我们提出了一个关注框架，该框架不仅要考虑刺激和感知器的直接影响，而且还要考虑随着时间的推移反复出现的感知器与刺激之间的相互作用。我们将此框架应用到有关种族关注的现有研究中，阐明了可以解释对种族外来群体的关注的各种过程。我们建议，我们的框架可以超越通常使用的“黑与白”范式，更广泛地关注种族。我们认为，关注种族偏向的潜在机制包含了成见之外的复杂因素，并且我们的框架可以解释影响种族关注的刺激，感知器和迭代过程。