The article seeks to develop a class focused theory of development induced internal migration in the context of India's economic transition. Through a critical interrogation of the hegemonic development approach, it (a) problematizes the norms and telos that underscore a presumption of migration as an inevitable journey from the rural to urban as part of the logic of capitalist development and (b) showcases the novelty and importance of class understood as a process of surplus labor and the epistemo‐ontology of overdetermination in disinterring India's migration in the decentered‐disaggregated class related space, elucidating heterogeneous flows and streams of migration of India's working population. Furthermore, we deploy this class focused approach to forward a rethought rendition of primitive accumulation that destabilizes the de‐politicized category of “displacement” induced migration and binary classification of voluntary‐involuntary migration as presented in the mainstream development literature. Instead, following capitalist development, we highlight the political economy of expropriation of space and livelihoods, and of force and violence, in shaping the multi‐varied migration processes of India's working populace and their role in reconstituting the class structure of Indian economy.

中文翻译：

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超越印度从农村到城市以及自愿-非自愿的三棱镜：着重于阶级的移民理论

本文力求发展一种以阶级为中心的发展理论，以在印度经济转型的背景下引发内部移民。通过对霸权发展方法的批判性审问，（a）质疑规范和宗旨，这些规范和宗旨强调移民的假设是从乡村到城市的必然旅程，这是资本主义发展逻辑的一部分，并且（b）展示了新颖性和阶级的重要性被理解为剩余劳动力的过程和过度决定论的认识论本体论，以在偏远的，与阶级相关的，与阶级相关的空间中分隔印度的迁徙，阐明了印度劳动人口的异质流动和流动。此外，我们采用这种以阶级为中心的方法来提出对原始积累的重新思考，这使主流化发展文献中提出的“流离失所”引起的移民和非自愿移民的二元分类的去政治化类别不稳定。取而代之的是，随着资本主义的发展，我们着重强调了剥夺空间和生计以及暴力和暴力的政治经济学，以塑造印度劳动人口的多元迁徙过程及其在重构印度经济阶级结构中的作用。