In a mixed‐methods study following 1551 adolescents from eight diverse schools across the US, a large majority demonstrated (a) strong norms of actively open‐minded thinking (AOT) and (b) a widespread capacity for AOT. Students from two public (government) schools, two private (public) schools, and two charter (academy) schools were followed for 18 months over the transition from middle school to high school, with data collected in each semester of the eighth grade and ninth grade year. The study included an unusually varied set of approaches to assess AOT values and habits, including a rating scale, two new multiple choice measures, teacher reports from three teachers per student, peer nomination, and interviews with subsets of the larger sample. These varied measures converged to reveal widespread openness to disagreement, desire for understanding, and pluralistic norms. In interviews, participants demonstrated AOT in three powerful ways: deep search for ideas, epistemic empathy, and pluralistic thinking. Moreover, repeated administration of measures indicated moderate intertemporal reliability of this trait, with six‐month test‐retest correlations ranging from .27 to .59 depending on the measure. This research suggests that existing capacities for AOT could be more fruitfully leveraged and supported by educators, helping students to capitalise on their own values and intuitions as they develop into mature critical thinkers. [Corrections made on 24 August 2020 after first online publication: ‘web search’ was incorrectly used throughout this article and it has now been corrected to ‘search’ in this version]

中文翻译：

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美国青少年积极开放的思维

在一项针对来自美国八所不同学校的1551名青少年的混合方法研究中，绝大多数人表现出（a）积极开放思维（AOT）的强大规范，以及（b）广泛的AOT能力。从初中到高中的过渡期间，对来自两所公立（官立）学校，两所私立（公立）学校和两所特许（学院）学校的学生进行了为期18个月的跟踪研究，并收集了八年级和九年级每个学期的数据。年级。该研究包括一套不同寻常的评估AOT值和习惯的方法，包括评级量表，两项新的多项选择测度，每位学生三位教师的老师报告，同行提名以及对较大样本子集的访谈。这些不同的措施融合在一起，显示出人们普遍对分歧持开放态度，对理解的渴望和多元化的规范。在访谈中，参与者以三种有力的方式展示了AOT：深入寻求思想，认识移情和多元化思维。此外，重复使用措施表明该性状具有适度的跨期信度，六个月的测试-再测相关性范围从.27至.59，具体取决于该措施。这项研究表明，教育工作者可以更有效地利用和支持现有的AOT能力，并在学生发展为成熟的批判性思想家时帮助他们利用自己的价值观和直觉。[在第一次在线发布后于2020年8月24日进行的更正：本文通篇使用了'web search'，现在在此版本中已将其更正为'search']