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Resilience: A commentary from the vantage point of anthropology
Annals of Anthropological Practice Pub Date : 2016-05-01 , DOI: 10.1111/napa.12085
ROBERTO E. BARRIOS 1
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In recent years, the concept of resilience has gained popularity as a means to describe the qualities and capacities that enable a community to recovery from a catastrophic event. Definitions of resilience make a number of assumptions about the nature of communities and the practices that enable their ability to cope or weather a disaster's impact. In this article, I provide a brief history of the ways disaster researchers have defined resilience and provide an analysis of the fundamental assumptions upon which such definitions are based. Furthermore, I provide a critical analysis of such assumptions in light of anthropological knowledge about the relationships and processes that put communities on the map, shape the ways they are exposed to hazards, and their possibilities for recovery. In conclude by providing four recommendations for practice which stress 1) the recognition of disaster has a historically shaped process involving development practice and human-environment relations, 2) the recognition of the broader political ecological relationships that shape resilience, 3) an emphasis on systemic transformation rather than locality specific interventions as a means of resilience-building, and 4) a prioritization of subaltern voices in operationalizations of “rebuilding better” as a mechanism for addressing the practices of environmental injustice that routinely give form to disaster vulnerability and those conditions that are branded “low resilience.”

中文翻译:

复原力:从人类学的角度出发的评论

近年来,抵御能力的概念作为一种描述使社区从灾难性事件中恢复过来的质量和能力的手段而受到欢迎。弹性的定义对社区的性质和使社区具有应对或抵御灾难影响的能力的做法做出了许多假设。在本文中,我简要介绍了灾难研究人员定义复原力的方式,并分析了这些定义所基于的基本假设。此外,根据人类学知识,我对这些假设进行了批判性的分析,这些知识涉及将社区置于地图上的关系和过程,塑造了其暴露于危险中的方式以及恢复的可能性。
更新日期:2016-05-01
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