Little is known about the psychological implications of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on people with HIV. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 among men and women with HIV in Miami, Florida. We hypothesized that the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic will be higher for women, and psychological factors will increase COVID-19 burden among them. People with (n = 231) and without HIV (n = 42) residing in Miami, Florida completed a survey assessing psychological outcomes such as loneliness, depression, and stress, as well as the burden of COVID-19, on their daily lives. t-Tests and chi-square analyses were used to assess sex differences in study variables. Logistic regression was used to compare the interaction effects predicting stress and loneliness by COVID-19 burden and sex. A total of 273 completed the survey; the outcomes of the study, loneliness, and stress did not differ by HIV status (p = .458 and p = .922). Overall, men and women reported similar prevalence of COVID-19 burden. However, a greater proportion of women reported losing childcare than men (18% vs. 9%, p = .029, respectively), as well as losing mental health care (15% vs. 7%, p = .049, respectively). There was a significant interaction between COVID-19 burden and sex for loneliness and stress such that the association between COVID-19 burden and loneliness was greater for women (p < .001) than for men (p = .353) and the association between COVID-19 burden and stress was greater for women (p = .013) than men (p = .628). Both men and women with HIV are impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, but women may experience higher levels of stress and loneliness than men. Sex differences may require tailored interventions to more effectively mitigate the impact of the pandemic on mental health.

中文翻译：

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美国 HIV 感染者的压力、孤独感和 COVID-19 负担之间关联的性别差异

人们对 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行对 HIV 感染者的心理影响知之甚少。本研究的目的是评估 COVID-19 对佛罗里达州迈阿密艾滋病病毒感染者的影响。我们假设 COVID-19 大流行对女性的负担会更高，而心理因素会增加她们的 COVID-19 负担。居住在佛罗里达州迈阿密的患有 ( n  = 231) 和未感染艾滋病毒 ( n  = 42) 的人完成了一项调查，评估了他们日常生活中的孤独、抑郁和压力等心理结果，以及 COVID-19 的负担。吨- 检验和卡方分析用于评估研究变量的性别差异。逻辑回归用于比较通过 COVID-19 负担和性别预测压力和孤独感的交互作用。共有 273 人完​​成了调查；研究结果、孤独感和压力并没有因 HIV 感染而不同（p  = .458 和p  = .922）。总体而言，男性和女性报告的 COVID-19 负担患病率相似。然而，与男性相比，更大比例的女性报告失去了托儿服务（分别为 18% 和 9%，p  = .029），以及失去了精神保健服务（15% 和 7%，p = .049，分别）。COVID-19 负担与孤独和压力的性别之间存在显着的相互作用，因此女性的 COVID-19 负担与孤独感之间的关联 ( p  < .001) 大于男性 ( p  = .353)，并且两者之间的关联女性 ( p = .013)的 COVID-19 负担和压力大于 男性 ( p  = .628)。感染 HIV 的男性和女性都受到 COVID-19 大流行的影响，但女性可能比男性承受更高水平的压力和孤独感。性别差异可能需要量身定制的干预措施，以更有效地减轻大流行对心理健康的影响。