Transition metal-catalyzed C−H activation has emerged as a powerful tool in organic synthesis and electrosynthesis as well as in the development of new methodologies for producing fine chemicals. In order to achieve efficient and selective C−H functionalization, different strategies have been used to accelerate the C−H activation step, including the incorporation of directing groups in the substrate that facilitate coordination to the catalyst. In this review, we try to underscore that the understanding the mechanisms of the catalytic cycle and the reactivity or redox activity of the key metal cyclic intermediates in these reactions is the basis for controlling the selectivity of synthesis and electrosynthesis. Combination of the electrosynthesis and voltammetry with traditional synthetic and physico-chemical methods allows one to achieve selective transformation of C−H bonds to functionalized C−C or C−X (X=heteroatom or halogen) bonds which may encourage organic chemists to use it in the future more often. The possibilities and the benefits of electrochemical techniques are analyzed and summarized.

中文翻译：

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电化学洞察 C−H 官能化的机理和金属环中间体

过渡金属催化的 CH 活化已成为有机合成和电合成以及开发生产精细化学品的新方法的有力工具。为了实现高效和选择性的 CH 官能化，已使用不同的策略来加速 CH 活化步骤，包括在基材中引入促进与催化剂配位的导向基团。在这篇综述中，我们试图强调，了解催化循环的机制以及这些反应中关键金属环状中间体的反应性或氧化还原活性是控制合成和电合成选择性的基础。将电合成和伏安法与传统的合成和物理化学方法相结合，可以实现 C−H 键向功能化 C−C 或 C−X（X=杂原子或卤素）键的选择性转化，这可能会鼓励有机化学家使用它以后会更频繁。分析和总结了电化学技术的可能性和优势。