Tian-Dong-Tang-Gan powder (TDTGP) is a newly developed immune enhancer in Litopenaeus vannamei. In vitro, TDTGP was non-toxic to haemolymph at 400 µg ml⁻¹ and increased the activities of phenol oxidase (PO), acid phosphatase (ACP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) after incubation with haemolymph for 8–48 h. In vivo, the activities of PO, SOD, ACP and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the shrimp haemolymph could be increased during the 28-day feeding trials. An acute ammonia stress test was performed after the feeding trials were terminated. We studied the immunological parameters and histology diagnosis. In the drug group, the immune index burst following acute ammonia exposure was higher than that in the negative control and control groups. Histological detection showed that the integrity of the hepatopancreas cells in the TDTGP groups was higher than that in the negative control group at 72 h after ammonia exposure. The results showed that feeding shrimp TDTGP for 28 days could improve the immunity and resistance to ammonia stress by Litopenaeus vannamei and protect the integrity of the hepatopancreas during ammonia stress. These findings showed that TDTGP can be developed and used as an immunoenhancer in Litopenaeus vannamei.

中文翻译：

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天冬汤甘散中草药对南美白对虾非特异性免疫反应和抗急性氨胁迫的影响

天冬汤甘粉（TDTGP）是南美白对虾新开发的免疫增强剂。在体外，TDTGP 在 400 µg ml ^{-1 时}对血淋巴无毒并在与血淋巴孵育 8-48 小时后增加酚氧化酶 (PO)、酸性磷酸酶 (ACP) 和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 的活性。在体内，虾血淋巴中 PO、SOD、ACP 和碱性磷酸酶 (AKP) 的活性在 28 天的饲养试验中可能会增加。在饲喂试验终止后进行急性氨应激试验。我们研究了免疫学参数和组织学诊断。药物组急性氨暴露后免疫指数爆发高于阴性对照组和对照组。组织学检测显示，氨气暴露72 h后，TDTGP组肝胰腺细胞完整性高于阴性对照组。南美白对虾并在氨胁迫期间保护肝胰腺的完整性。这些发现表明，TDTGP 可以被开发并用作南美白对虾的免疫增强剂。