KCC2, best known as the neuron-specific chloride-extruder that sets the strength and polarity of GABAergic currents during neuronal maturation, is a multifunctional molecule that can regulate cytoskeletal dynamics via its C-terminal domain (CTD). We describe the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the multiple functions of KCC2 and its splice variants, ranging from developmental apoptosis and the control of early network events to the formation and plasticity of cortical dendritic spines. The versatility of KCC2 actions at the cellular and subcellular levels is also evident in mature neurons during plasticity, disease, and aging. Thus, KCC2 has emerged as one of the most important molecules that shape the overall neuronal phenotype.

KCC2，最著名的是神经元特异性氯化物挤压器，它在神经元成熟过程中设置 GABA 能电流的强度和极性，是一种多功能分子，可以通过其 C 端域 (CTD) 调节细胞骨架动力学。我们描述了涉及 KCC2 及其剪接变体多种功能的分子和细胞机制，范围从发育细胞凋亡和早期网络事件的控制到皮质树突棘的形成和可塑性。KCC2 在细胞和亚细胞水平上的多功能性在可塑性、疾病和衰老过程中的成熟神经元中也很明显。因此，KCC2 已成为塑造整体神经元表型的最重要分子之一。