Recent research on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) has focused on the human-land relationship and its evolution through time; fossil fungal spores are promising proxies for recovering information on paleoecological changes and ancient anthropogenic activity. Modern analog fungal spore datasets are crucial for accurate paleoecological interpretation of fossil fungal spores, however, these are lacking for the QTP. In this study, we analyzed 130 modern samples of topsoil and herbivore dung from eastern QTP to assess fungal assemblages in different habitats and vegetational communities. The results indicate that fungal spores in different types of domestic herbivore dung samples are quite similar and dominated by Sporormiella spp., Urocystis sp., Sordaria spp., Pleospora spp., QTPF-01 (Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Fungi). Topsoil samples, collected from different vegetation zones, show more variation. Savoryella spp. is the dominant taxon in cropland samples, while Meliola spp. and Coniochaeta spp. are well associated with alpine forest environments. Fungal spore assemblages in alpine shrub, alpine meadow, and alpine steppe are mostly dominated by Glomus spp., together with Savoryella spp., Valsaria sp., Entorrhiza spp., and QTPF-03. Comparison of fungal assemblages in herbivore dung and topsoil samples suggests that Sporormiella spp., Urocystis sp., Sordaria spp., Pleospora spp., QTPF-01, Podospora spp., Delitschia A., and QTPF-07 are the most reliable dung indicators. The total concentration of coprophilous fungal spores is sensitive to grazing pressure and can be used to diagnose the intensity of pastoralism on the QTP. Our work provides vital modern analog data for fossil fungal spore studies on the QTP.

对青藏高原的最新研究集中在人地关系及其随着时间的演变。化石真菌孢子是恢复有关古生态变化和古代人类活动信息的有前途的代理。现代的模拟真菌孢子数据集对于化石真菌孢子的精确古生态学解释至关重要，但是，QTP却缺乏这些数据。在这项研究中，我们分析了来自QTP东部的130个现代表土和草食动物粪便样本，以评估不同生境和植被群落中的真菌组合。结果表明，不同类型的食草动物粪便样品中的真菌孢子非常相似，并以孢子菌，Urocystis sp。，Sordaria为主。菌属，拟孢子虫属（Pleospora spp。），QTPF-01（青藏高原真菌）。从不同植被区收集的表土样品显示出更多的变化。萨沃里氏菌属。是农田样品中的主要分类单元，而Meliola spp。和Coniochaeta物种 与高山森林环境息息相关。高山灌木，高山草甸和高山草原中的真菌孢子组合主要由Glomus spp。，Savoryella spp。，Valsaria sp。，Entorrhiza spp。和QTPF-03主导。食草动物粪便和表土样品中真菌组合的比较表明，孢子菌，Urocystissp。，Sordaria spp。，Pleospora spp。，QTPF-01，Podospora spp。，Delitschia A.和QTPF-07是最可靠的粪便指标。丙酸共真菌真菌孢子的总浓度对放牧压力敏感，可用于诊断QTP上放牧的强度。我们的工作为QTP上的化石真菌孢子研究提供了重要的现代模拟数据。