The past year has seen an online movement to highlight sexual harassment and assault spread quickly around the globe. In October 2017, actress Alyssa Milano encouraged Twitter followers who were victims to use the hashtag #MeToo (social activist Tarana Burke began using the phrase “Me Too” as early as 2006). In the year following, tens of millions of women and men publicly proclaimed their own stories of abuse with the hashtag. But what started as a way to highlight the ubiquity and underreporting of sexual harassment and assault has led to a backlash. A counter hashtag, #NotAllMen, arose in response. In the year since the #MeToo movement went viral, survey evidence suggests Americans are becoming more skeptical about sexual harassment claims (Bulgarella, 2018; “Measuring the #MeToo Backlash,” 2018). The #MeToo movement provides a cautionary tale of how interventions to raise awareness about and prevent sexual harassment and sexual assault can have unintended consequences. In this commentary, we address some of the negative, unintended consequences that have been observed in previous research, then we suggest some strategies that may be useful for circumventing them.

中文翻译：

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当训练适得其反时以及可以做些什么

在过去的一年里，一场强调性骚扰和性侵犯的在线运动在全球迅速蔓延。2017 年 10 月，女演员艾莉莎·米兰诺 (Alyssa Milano) 鼓励作为受害者的 Twitter 粉丝使用#MeToo 标签（社会活动家塔拉娜·伯克（Tarana Burke）早在 2006 年就开始使用“我也是”一词）。在接下来的一年里，数以千万计的女性和男性用标签公开宣布了他们自己的虐待故事。但是，一开始是为了强调性骚扰和性侵犯的普遍性和低报情况，却引起了强烈反对。作为回应，出现了一个反标签#NotAllMen。在#MeToo 运动风靡一时的这一年里，调查证据表明美国人对性骚扰指控越来越持怀疑态度（Bulgarella，2018 年；“衡量 #MeToo 反弹”，2018 年）。#MeToo 运动提供了一个警示故事，说明旨在提高对性骚扰和性侵犯的认识和预防的干预措施可能会产生意想不到的后果。在这篇评论中，我们解决了之前研究中观察到的一些负面的、意想不到的后果，然后我们提出了一些可能有助于规避这些后果的策略。