Challenging statist understandings of citizenship neglectful of their own ironies, we explore the literature on circulation to argue that political actors build citizenship capacities through the transfer of various technologies, ideas, and modes of organization and by enhancing selfunderstanding across and within borders. This work is largely conceptual. Although we focus on transnational activist engagement with and within the Middle East, the theoretical linkages we make here can be extended to other social and political actors that operate within and across multiple geographical locales. To make our case, we briefly examine the importance of transnational circulation for citizenship capacity-building through a review of the relevant literature and then discuss how theories related to liminality and rhizomatic action can move the theoretical discussion in new directions. Our central argument is that the circular flow of people, political ideas, and tools across nation-state borders—including activists’ affinities, identifications, loyalties, animosities, and hostilities—are transforming contemporary social and political relations, including how people see themselves as citizens and build civic capacities in others. Political actors who act purposefully in various sites and scales of struggle are transforming how political subjectivity and citizenship are negotiated, claimed, justified, and legitimated regardless of citizenship status.

中文翻译：

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跨国公民能力建设：将对话推向新的方向

挑战统计学家对公民身份的理解，而忽略了他们自己的讽刺意味，我们探索关于流通的文献，论证政治行为者通过转移各种技术，观念和组织模式，以及通过跨界和跨界的自我理解来建立公民能力。这项工作在很大程度上是概念性的。尽管我们专注于与中东和在中东内部的跨国激进分子接触，但是我们在这里建立的理论联系可以扩展到在多个地理区域内和跨多个地理区域活动的其他社会和政治参与者。为了说明这一点，我们通过回顾相关文献简要地研究了跨国流通对公民能力建设的重要性，然后讨论了与刑法和根际行为有关的理论如何将理论的讨论推向新的方向。我们的中心论点是，民族，国界之间的人员，政治思想和工具的循环流动（包括维权人士的同情心，认同感，忠诚度，敌意和敌对情绪）正在改变当代的社会和政治关系，包括人们如何看待自己公民，并在他人中建立公民能力。在各种地点和规模的斗争中有目的地采取行动的政治参与者正在改变政治主观性和公民身份的谈判，主张，正当化和合法化的方式，而不论其公民身份如何。