This article argues that many of the lessons learned and achievements made in the measurement of human rights over the past four decades are equally applicable to the measurement of modern slavery. It shows that modern slavery encompasses a significant subset of human rights found in international law, the parameters of which can be delineated and operationalized in ways that make the phenomenon amenable to measurement across a wide range of different data. These include events-based data, standards-based data, survey-based data, and new forms of data made possible through machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) applications. The article shows that the measurement of modern slavery needs to overcome many of the same challenges that confront efforts at measuring human rights, including the fundamental problem of unobservability, inherent bias through the use of convenience reporting, and the specification of the concept of modern slavery itself. Overcoming these challenges opens up new possibilities to make what many claim to be an intractable problem of development tractable and helps contribute to the Sustainable Development Goal target to end modern slavery by 2030 (SDG 8.7). Word count: 10, 955

中文翻译：

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衡量现代奴隶制：法律、人权和新形式的数据

本文认为，过去 40 年衡量人权的许多经验教训和取得的成就同样适用于衡量现代奴隶制。它表明，现代奴隶制包含国际法中发现的人权的一个重要子集，其参数可以通过使这种现象适合在各种不同数据中进行衡量的方式进行描述和操作。其中包括基于事件的数据、基于标准的数据、基于调查的数据以及通过机器学习和人工智能 (AI) 应用程序实现的新数据形式。文章表明，现代奴隶制的衡量需要克服衡量人权的努力所面临的许多相同挑战，包括不可观察性的基本问题，通过使用便利报告以及对现代奴隶制概念本身的规范而产生的固有偏见。克服这些挑战开辟了新的可能性，使许多人声称的难以解决的发展问题变得容易处理，并有助于实现到 2030 年结束现代奴隶制的可持续发展目标（SDG 8.7）。字数：10, 955