The global energy industry is transforming as governments invest in clean energy technologies to address climate change, enhance energy security, and strengthen national competitiveness. Comparative research on clean energy transitions highlights the domestic drivers and constraints of clean energy transitions. This article contends that we need to understand the effects of global interdependence on clean energy transitions. Shifts in forms of interdependence between firms—influenced by the rise of global supply chains—have new implications for policy choices made by governments. Governments face more complex demands from domestic industries facing global economic competition, and act strategically in response to the actions of other governments, including sub-national actors, and firms in the global economy. We suggest that research on interdependence in clean energy transitions benefits from an analytical focus on mechanisms of transnational change such as cross-national and multi-level policy feedback and cross-national policy sequencing. Global interdependence has important implications for economic and environmental outcomes, affecting the durability of competitive advantage, and influencing the pace of the diffusion of clean energy technologies.

中文翻译：

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清洁能源转型中的全球相互依存关系

随着各国政府投资于清洁能源技术以应对气候变化、加强能源安全和增强国家竞争力，全球能源行业正在发生转变。清洁能源转型的比较研究突出了清洁能源转型的国内驱动因素和制约因素。本文认为，我们需要了解全球相互依存对清洁能源转型的影响。受全球供应链兴起的影响，公司之间相互依存形式的转变对政府的政策选择产生了新的影响。政府面临来自国内行业的更复杂的需求，这些行业面临全球经济竞争，并采取战略行动以响应其他政府的行动，包括次国家行为者和全球经济中的公司。我们建议对清洁能源转型中相互依存关系的研究得益于对跨国变化机制的分析，例如跨国和多层次的政策反馈和跨国政策排序。全球相互依存对经济和环境结果具有重要影响，影响竞争优势的持久性，并影响清洁能源技术的传播速度。