Clustering technology is one of the crucial technologies to prolong the lifetime in wireless sensor networks. However, most cluster schemes choose cluster head randomly to send data without considering load balancing and security. In addition, some cluster heads in the highly active area may be overloaded, while others in the low active area may be overloaded, which may easily lead to extreme imbalance in task allocation. Our research on relevant literature shows that the existing authentication schemes do not fully consider the load balancing of cluster heads, while the load balancing schemes ignore the security authentication of cluster heads. Therefore, this article effectively combines load balancing and security verification, and proposes a lightweight load balancing and verification scheme (secure load and energy balancing) based on clustered wireless sensor networks. Secure load and energy balancing implements cluster head’s authentication and confidentiality and integrity of all messages in load balancing. This scheme not only effectively maintains the energy balance of the whole network but also successfully improves the security overhead, thus prolonging the network lifetime. The simulation results show that compared with other similar schemes, this scheme has higher packet forwarding rate, longer network life, and lower overhead. This further proves that the scheme is energy-saving, safe, dynamic, stable, and sustainable.

群集技术是延长无线传感器网络寿命的关键技术之一。但是，大多数群集方案都随机选择群集头来发送数据，而不考虑负载平衡和安全性。此外，高活动区域中的某些簇头可能会过载，而低活动区域中的其他簇头可能会过载，这很容易导致任务分配中的极端失衡。我们对相关文献的研究表明，现有的身份验证方案并未完全考虑群集头的负载平衡，而负载平衡方案却忽略了群集头的安全身份验证。因此，本文有效地将负载平衡和安全验证结合在一起，并提出了一种基于集群无线传感器网络的轻量级负载平衡和验证方案（安全负载和能量平衡）。安全负载和能量平衡可实现群集头的身份验证以及负载平衡中所有消息的机密性和完整性。该方案不仅有效地维持了整个网络的能量平衡，而且成功地提高了安全性开销，从而延长了网络寿命。仿真结果表明，与其他同类方案相比，该方案具有更高的报文转发率，更长的网络寿命和更低的开销。这进一步证明了该方案是节能，安全，动态，稳定和可持续的。安全负载和能量平衡可实现群集头的身份验证以及负载平衡中所有消息的机密性和完整性。该方案不仅有效地维持了整个网络的能量平衡，而且成功地提高了安全性开销，从而延长了网络寿命。仿真结果表明，与其他同类方案相比，该方案具有更高的报文转发率，更长的网络寿命和更低的开销。这进一步证明了该方案是节能，安全，动态，稳定和可持续的。安全负载和能量平衡可实现群集头的身份验证以及负载平衡中所有消息的机密性和完整性。该方案不仅有效地维持了整个网络的能量平衡，而且成功地提高了安全性开销，从而延长了网络寿命。仿真结果表明，与其他同类方案相比，该方案具有更高的报文转发率，更长的网络寿命和更低的开销。这进一步证明了该方案是节能，安全，动态，稳定和可持续的。该方案具有更高的分组转发率，更长的网络寿命和更低的开销。这进一步证明了该方案是节能，安全，动态，稳定和可持续的。该方案具有更高的分组转发率，更长的网络寿命和更低的开销。这进一步证明了该方案是节能，安全，动态，稳定和可持续的。