Studies on prospective memory (PM) predominantly assess either event- or time-based PM by implementing non-ecological laboratory-based tasks. The results deriving from these paradigms have provided findings that are discrepant with ecologically valid research paradigms that converge on the complexity and cognitive demands of everyday tasks. The Virtual Reality Everyday Assessment Lab (VR-EAL), an immersive virtual reality (VR) neuropsychological battery with enhanced ecological validity, was implemented to assess everyday event- and time-based PM, as well as the influence of other cognitive functions on everyday PM functioning. The results demonstrated the importance of delayed recognition, planning, and visuospatial attention on everyday PM. Delayed recognition and planning ability were found to be central in event- and time-based PM respectively. In order of importance, delayed recognition, visuospatial attention speed, and planning ability were found to be involved in event-based PM functioning. Comparably, planning, visuospatial attention accuracy, delayed recognition, and multitasking/task-shifting ability were found to be involved in time-based PM functioning. These findings further suggest the importance of ecological validity in the study of PM, which may be achieved using immersive VR paradigms.

中文翻译：

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使用沉浸式虚拟现实对基于事件和基于时间的前瞻性记忆进行生态有效的检查：注意，记忆和执行功能过程对现实世界中前瞻性记忆的影响

前瞻性记忆（PM）研究主要通过实施基于非生态实验室的任务来评估基于事件或基于时间的PM。从这些范式得出的结果提供了与生态有效的研究范式不同的发现，这些范式在日常任务的复杂性和认知需求上趋于一致。虚拟现实日常评估实验室（VR-EAL）是一种具有增强的生态有效性的沉浸式虚拟现实（VR）神经心理电池，旨在评估基于事件和时间的日常PM以及其他认知功能对日常的影响PM运行。结果证明了延迟识别，计划和视觉空间对日常PM的重要性。发现延迟识别和计划能力分别是基于事件和基于时间的PM的中心。按重要性顺序，发现延迟识别，视觉空间注意速度和计划能力与基于事件的PM功能有关。相比之下，发现计划，视觉空间注意力的准确性，延迟识别和多任务处理/任务转移能力与基于时间的PM功能有关。这些发现进一步表明生态有效性在PM研究中的重要性，这可以使用沉浸式VR范式来实现。