ABSTRACT

The Intermediate System of schooling, which operated in Ireland between 1878 and 1922, has, generally, been considered limited in ambition and as having generated a culture of high-stake terminal examinations. This article seeks a more nuanced understanding of the system and proposes that, despite an evolving system of secondary provision in Ireland prior to 1878, the Intermediate System provided an armature for a national system, prompted the awakening identity of the secondary teaching profession, stimulated the evolution of the teaching body in terms of trades union activity and initial teacher education; and, despite its many defects, provided increasing numbers of pupils with access to post-primary schooling in Ireland in the early decades of the twentieth century.

摘要

1878 年至 1922 年间在爱尔兰实施的中级学校教育系统，通常被认为是野心有限，并产生了一种高风险的期末考试文化。本文试图对该制度进行更细致入微的理解，并提出尽管 1878 年之前爱尔兰的中学教育制度不断发展，但中间制度为国家制度提供了一个支柱，促使中学教师职业的身份觉醒，刺激了在工会活动和初级教师教育方面教学机构的演变；尽管存在许多缺陷，但在 20 世纪初期的几十年里，为越来越多的爱尔兰学生提供了接受小学后教育的机会。