Observing the spatial heterogeneities of NO₂ air pollution is an important first step in quantifying NO_X emissions and exposures. This study investigates the capabilities of the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) in observing the spatial and temporal patterns of NO₂ pollution in the continental United States. The unprecedented sensitivity of the sensor can differentiate the fine‐scale spatial heterogeneities in urban areas, such as emissions related to airport/shipping operations and high traffic, and the relatively small emission sources in rural areas, such as power plants and mining operations. We then examine NO₂ columns by day‐of‐the‐week and find that Saturday and Sunday concentrations are 16% and 24% lower respectively, than during weekdays. We also analyze the correlation of daily maximum 2‐m temperatures and NO₂ column amounts and find that NO₂ is larger on the hottest days (>32°C) as compared to warm days (26°C–32°C), which is in contrast to a general decrease in NO₂ with increasing temperature at moderate temperatures. Finally, we demonstrate that a linear regression fit of 2019 annual TROPOMI NO₂ data to annual surface‐level concentrations yields relatively strong correlation (R² = 0.66). These new developments make TROPOMI NO₂ satellite data advantageous for policymakers and public health officials, who request information at high spatial resolution and short timescales, in order to assess, devise, and evaluate regulations.

中文翻译：

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美国的 TROPOMI NO2：详细了解年平均值、周周期、温度的影响以及与表面 NO2 浓度的相关性

_{观察 NO 2}空气污染的空间异质性是量化 NO _X排放和暴露的重要第一步。本研究调查了对流层监测仪器 (TROPOMI) 观测美国大陆NO ₂污染的空间和时间模式的能力。传感器前所未有的灵敏度可以区分城市地区的精细空间异质性，例如与机场/航运运营和高交通量相关的排放，以及农村地区相对较小的排放源，例如发电厂和采矿作业。然后，我们按一周中的每一天检查 NO _{2列，发现周六和周日的浓度分别比工作日低 16% 和 24%。}我们还分析了每日最高 2 米温度与 NO ₂柱量的相关性，发现与温暖的日子 (26°C–32°C) 相比，最热的日子 (>32°C) 的NO ₂更大，这与在中等温度下NO ₂随着温度升高而普遍减少相反。_{最后，我们证明，2019 年年度 TROPOMI NO 2}数据与年度地表浓度的线性回归拟合产生了相对较强的相关性（ R ²  = 0.66）。这些新发展使 TROPOMI NO ₂卫星数据对政策制定者和公共卫生官员来说具有优势，他们需要高空间分辨率和短时间尺度的信息，以便评估、设计和评估法规。