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Trophic structure of a pond community dominated by an invasive alien species: Insights from stomach content and stable isotope analyses
Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-24 , DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3530
Alessandra Maria Bissattini 1 , Phillip J. Haubrock 2, 3, 4 , Vincenzo Buono 1 , Paride Balzani 5 , Nicolò Borgianni 1 , Luca Stellati 1 , Alberto Francesco Inghilesi 4, 5 , Lorenzo Tancioni 6 , Marco Martinoli 6 , Elena Tricarico 5 , Leonardo Vignoli 1
Affiliation  

  1. Invaders affect native species across multiple trophic levels, influencing the structure and stability of freshwater communities. Based on the ‘trophic position hypothesis’, invaders at the top of the food web are more harmful to native species via direct and indirect effects than trophically analogous native predators are.
  2. However, introduced and native predators can coexist, especially when non‐native species have no ecological and behavioural similarities with natives, occupy an empty niche, or natives show generalist anti‐predator strategies that are effective at the community level.
  3. At present, conservation efforts are focused on eradicating invaders; however, their removal may lead to unwanted and unexpected outcomes, especially when invaders are well established and strongly interspersed with natives. This highlights the need to consider invaders in a whole‐ecosystem context and to consider the evolutionary history and behavioural ecology of natives and invaders before active management is applied.
  4. Here, stomach content and stable isotope analyses were combined to investigate a pond system dominated by invaders in order to understand the effects of the interactions among upper level predators and lower level members of the food web on the whole community structure.
  5. Both diet and isotope analyses showed that several invaders contributed to the diet of natives and invaders. A significant isotope overlap was found among upper level predators. However, stomach content analysis suggested that predators reduced the potential competition differentiating the food spectrum by including additional prey in their diet. Both native and non‐native upper level predators, by preying on invaders, seem not to exert a strong suppressive effect through predation and competition on native species.
  6. This research confirms the importance of studying food webs to identify ecological conditions that forecast the potential for deleterious impacts before management is applied. In cases where invaders cannot be eradicated, management efforts should follow a conciliatory approach promoting the coexistence of native species with invaders.


中文翻译:

外来入侵物种主导的池塘群落的营养结构:从胃中含量和稳定同位素分析中获得的见解

  1. 入侵者会在多个营养水平上影响本地物种,从而影响淡水群落的结构和稳定性。基于“营养位置假说”,与营养类似的本地捕食者相比,食物网顶部的入侵者通过直接和间接影响对本地物种的危害更大。
  2. 但是,引进的捕食者和本地的捕食者可以共存,特别是当非本地物种与当地人在生态和行为上没有相似性,占据空位或本地人显示出在社区一级有效的多面手捕食者策略时。
  3. 目前,保护工作的重点是消灭入侵者。但是,将其移走可能会导致意外和意外的后果,尤其是当入侵者的根基牢固且散布在当地人中间时。这强调了在应用主动管理之前,有必要在整个生态系统的环境中考虑入侵者,并考虑本地人和入侵者的进化历史和行为生态。
  4. 在这里,结合胃内容物和稳定的同位素分析来研究一个以入侵者为主的池塘系统,以了解上层掠食者和下层食物网成员之间的相互作用对整个社区结构的影响。
  5. 饮食和同位素分析均显示,一些入侵者为当地人和入侵者的饮食做出了贡献。在高层捕食者之间发现了明显的同位素重叠。但是,胃内容物分析表明,捕食者通过在饮食中加入额外的猎物来减少潜在的竞争,从而使食物谱差异化。本地和非本地上层天敌掠食入侵者,似乎都不会通过对本地物种的捕食和竞争而发挥强大的抑制作用。
  6. 这项研究证实了研究食物网以识别生态状况的重要性,这些生态状况可以在应用管理之前预测出潜在的有害影响。在无法根除入侵者的情况下,管理工作应采取和解办法,以促进本地物种与入侵者并存。
更新日期:2021-04-08
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