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Effects of straw incorporation and potassium fertilizer on crop yields, soil organic carbon, and active carbon in the rice–wheat system
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2021.104958
Guoyin Yuan , Weiwei Huan , Hang Song , Dianjun Lu , Xiaoqin Chen , Huoyan Wang , Jianmin Zhou

Active soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions play a key role in agricultural soil fertility. However, the effects of potassium application and straw incorporation on SOC and active SOC fractions as well as the relationships among these factors in a rice–wheat system are less well-studied. Hence, the objective of this study was to analyse the effects of potassium fertilization and straw incorporation on SOC sequestration, active carbon fractions, and crop yields in a long-term (6 years) field experiment. Four treatments were examined: no addition of potassium fertilizer and straw (CK), straw incorporation only (SI), potassium-fertilizer application only (K), and straw incorporation plus a recommended amount of potassium fertilizer (SI + K). SOC, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), easily oxidizable carbon (EOC), crop yields, and the carbon pool management index (CMI) were determined. After 6 years, SOC content and labile C fractions in the SI treatment increased significantly, by 7.95–25.0 % and 23.6–185 %, respectively, compared to the CK treatment. Significant and positive correlations were observed between SOC, DOC, LFOC, MBC, EOC, and the CMI (r = 0.449–0.899, P < 0.01). Among the five C fractions, LFOC, DOC, and EOC were the most sensitive indicators of changes in SOC induced by incorporating straw with or without potassium fertilizer. The highest SOC contents and labile C fractions were observed in the SI + K treatment. Rice yields increased from 8.55 and 7.59 t ha−1 in the CK plots to 9.56 and 8.54 t ha−1 with SI + K at Guangde (GD) and Jiangyan (JY) sites, respectively. Wheat yields increased from 0.53 and 5.33 t ha−1 in the CK plots to 5.86 and 6.43 t ha−1 with SI + K at GD and JY sites, respectively. Overall, based on crop yields and C storage, straw incorporation in combination with a moderate amount of potassium fertilizer appears to be the best practice for improving soil fertility and productivity in the rice-wheat cropping system.



中文翻译:

稻麦系统中秸秆还田和钾肥对作物产量,土壤有机碳和活性炭的影响

活性土壤有机碳(SOC)组分在农业土壤肥力中起关键作用。然而,在稻麦系统中,钾肥和秸秆掺入对SOC和活性SOC组分的影响以及这些因素之间的关系研究较少。因此,本研究的目的是在长期(6年)田间试验中,分析钾肥和秸秆还田对SOC固存,活性碳含量和农作物产量的影响。检查了四种处理方法:不添加钾肥和秸秆(CK),仅掺入秸秆(SI),仅施用钾肥(K)和掺入秸秆加建议量的钾肥(SI + K)。SOC,溶解有机碳(DOC),轻质有机碳(LFOC),微生物生物量碳(MBC),确定了易氧化碳(EOC),作物产量和碳库管理指数(CMI)。6年后,与CK处理相比,SI处理中的SOC含量和不稳定C分数显着增加,分别增加了7.95–25.0%和23.6–185%。SOC,DOC,LFOC,MBC,EOC和CMI之间存在显着正相关(r = 0.449–0.899,P <0.01)。在这五个碳组分中,LFOC,DOC和EOC是掺入或不掺钾肥的秸秆引起的SOC变化最敏感的指标。在SI + K处理中观察到最高的SOC含量和不稳定的C分数。水稻单产从8.55吨和7.59吨公顷增加 与CK处理相比,SI处理中的SOC含量和不稳定C分数显着增加,分别增加了7.95–25.0%和23.6–185%。SOC,DOC,LFOC,MBC,EOC和CMI之间存在显着正相关(r = 0.449–0.899,P <0.01)。在这五个碳组分中,LFOC,DOC和EOC是掺入或不掺钾肥的秸秆引起的SOC变化最敏感的指标。在SI + K处理中观察到最高的SOC含量和不稳定的C分数。水稻单产从8.55吨和7.59吨公顷增加 与CK处理相比,SI处理中的SOC含量和不稳定C分数显着增加,分别增加了7.95–25.0%和23.6–185%。SOC,DOC,LFOC,MBC,EOC和CMI之间存在显着正相关(r = 0.449–0.899,P <0.01)。在这五个碳组分中,LFOC,DOC和EOC是掺入或不掺钾肥的秸秆引起的SOC变化最敏感的指标。在SI + K处理中观察到最高的SOC含量和不稳定的C分数。水稻单产从8.55吨和7.59吨公顷 在这五个碳组分中,LFOC,DOC和EOC是掺入或不掺钾肥的秸秆引起的SOC变化最敏感的指标。在SI + K处理中观察到最高的SOC含量和不稳定的C分数。水稻单产从8.55吨和7.59吨公顷 在这五个碳组分中,LFOC,DOC和EOC是掺入或不掺钾肥的秸秆引起的SOC变化最敏感的指标。在SI + K处理中观察到最高的SOC含量和不稳定的C分数。水稻单产从8.55吨和7.59吨公顷增加-1在CK阴谋9.56和8.54吨公顷-1分别与SI + K在广(GD)和姜堰(JY)位点,。小麦产量从对照区的0.53和5.33 t ha -1增加到在GD和JY地点使用SI + K的5.86和6.43 t ha -1。总体而言,基于作物的产量和碳储量,秸秆还田与适量的钾肥结合似乎是改善稻麦系统土壤肥力和生产力的最佳实践。

更新日期:2021-02-24
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