Plain medium carbon steel with multiscale ferrite (α) + cementite (θ) lamellar structure was produced by warm rolling and subsequently annealing. The effect of annealing time on microstructural evolution was studied via scanning electron microscope and electron backscatter diffraction. The obtained results showed that the feature of multiscale lamellar microstructure remained virtually the same with annealing times from 10 to 60 minutes, while the increase of annealing time destabilizes the stability of the microstructure. The specimen annealed for 30 minutes demonstrated good combination of strength and ductility because of the improvement of strain strengthening ability. The strain hardening behavior was described by instantaneous strain hardening exponent (\( n_{i} \)) and modified Crussard–Jaoul (C–J) model. Furthermore, the respective strengthening contribution of grain refinement, sub-grain strengthening and cementite particles to the yield strength was investigated in detail.

通过热轧和随后的退火处理，生产出具有多尺度铁素体（α）+渗碳体（θ）层状结构的中型碳素钢。通过扫描电子显微镜和电子反向散射衍射研究了退火时间对组织演变的影响。所得结果表明，多尺度层状微结构的特征在10至60分钟的退火时间内基本保持不变，而退火时间的增加破坏了微结构的稳定性。退火30分钟的样品由于应变增强能力的提高而显示出强度和延展性的良好组合。应变硬化行为由瞬时应变硬化指数（\（n_ {i} \）），并修改了Crussard–Jaoul（C–J）模型。此外，详细研究了晶粒细化，亚晶粒增强和渗碳体颗粒对屈服强度的各自强化作用。