The glass bubbles were used to support the TiO₂ via a sol–gel route to synthesize the low-density TiO₂-GB composite materials. The composites could be suspended in the azophloxine solution under gentle stirring to obtain a high degradation efficiency. The anatase TiO₂ crystallite size was <10 nm in the composites calcined below 450 °C. The TiO₂-GB composites prepared at 350, 450, 650, and 800 °C had the bandgap energies of 3.17, 3.13, 3.15, and 3.24 eV, respectively. The TiO₂-GB composite calcined at 800 °C had the strongest photoluminescence intensity, followed by the samples calcined at 350, 650, and 450 °C. The change in calcination temperature could greatly influence the pore volume, surface area, and pore size in the composites. The reaction rate constants were 1.38 × 10⁻³, 9.78 × 10⁻³, and 9.08 × 10⁻³ min⁻¹, calculated for azophloxine degradation on the TiO₂-GB composites prepared at 350, 450, and 650 °C. The TiO₂-GB composite calcined at 450 °C could produce the greatest hydroxyl radicals during the photocatalytic reaction, followed by the samples calcined at 650, 350, and 800 °C.

玻璃泡用于通过溶胶-凝胶路线来支撑TiO ₂，以合成低密度TiO ₂ -GB复合材料。可以在温和搅拌下将复合物悬浮在氮氧杂环丁烷溶液中以获得高降解效率。在450°C以下煅烧的复合材料中，锐钛矿型TiO ₂晶粒尺寸小于10 nm。在350、450、650和800°C下制备的TiO ₂ -GB复合材料的带隙能分别为3.17、3.13、3.15和3.24 eV。TiO ₂在800°C下煅烧的-GB复合材料的光致发光强度最强，其次是在350、650和450°C煅烧的样品。煅烧温度的变化会极大地影响复合材料的孔体积，表面积和孔径。反应速率常数为1.38×10 ^-3，9.78×10 ^-3，和9.08×10 ^-3 分钟^-1，计算azophloxine降解上的TiO _2层，在350，450和650℃制备-GB复合材料。在450°C下煅烧的TiO ₂ -GB复合材料在光催化反应过程中会产生最大的羟基自由基，随后在650、350和800°C下煅烧的样品。