A 120-day experiment was conducted to understand the growth and immunomodulatory response of Penaeus vannamei reared in biofloc-integrated periphyton system–like natural substrates like bamboo (NS1), sugarcane bagasse (NS2), artificial substrates like polyvinyl chloride mat (AS1), agricultural shed net (AS2), and a control group without biofloc and substrate. Experiments were carried out in 500-L fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) tanks at a stocking density of 100 nos/m³ (0.256 g). Shrimps reared in natural substrate-based treatments, (NS1 and NS2) recorded highest average body weight (ABW) and survival followed by artificial ones (AS1 and AS2), and were significantly higher (P < 0.01) compared with control. Significantly higher chlorophyll^a, ash-free dry matter (AFDM), and THB load were recorded in NS (1 and 2) followed by AS (1 and 2). Contrastingly, the Vibrio load was higher in control than treatments. Relative percentage survival was higher (P < 0.01) in treatments when challenged against V. parahaemolyticus. Serum protein level, phenoloxidase activity, and superoxide dismutase assay were significantly higher in natural and artificial substrate groups when compared to control. Immunomodulatory effects through immune gene study revealed a two fold to four fold upregulation in cytMn-SOD and mtMn-SOD genes in NS groups. Similarly, the lysozyme and prophenoloxidase genes were significantly upregulated in the treatment groups. The results conclude that biofloc with natural followed by artificial periphytic substrates were observed to deliver better performances, protective response, and immunomodulatory effects in pacific white shrimp P. vannamei culture.

进行了一项为期120天的实验，以了解在生物絮凝物整合的浮游植物系统中饲养的南美白对虾的生长和免疫调节反应-像竹子（NS1），甘蔗渣（NS2）等天然底物，聚氯乙烯垫（AS1）等人工底物，农业棚网（AS2），以及没有生物絮凝物和底物的对照组。在500-L纤维增强塑料（FRP）储罐中进行实验，放养密度为100 nos / m ³（0.256 g）。在以天然底物为基础的处理中饲养的虾（NS1和NS2）的平均体重（ABW）和存活率最高，其次是人工虾（AS1和AS2）， 与对照组相比，显着更高（P <0.01）。叶绿素^a明显更高，无灰干物质（AFDM）和THB负载分别记录在NS（1和2）中，然后是AS（1和2）中。相反，对照中的弧菌载量高于治疗。 当接受副溶血性弧菌攻击时，相对存活率更高（P <0.01）。与对照组相比，天然和人工底物组的血清蛋白水平，酚氧化酶活性和超氧化物歧化酶测定均显着更高。通过免疫基因研究的免疫调节作用显示，NS组的cytMn-SOD和mtMn-SOD基因上调了2到4倍。类似地，在治疗组中，溶菌酶和前酚氧化酶基因显着上调。结果得出结论，在天然白虾南美白对虾养殖中，观察到具有天然生物絮凝物的人造絮凝物，然后再加上人造周生植物基质，可以提供更好的性能，保护性反应和免疫调节作用。