Should we allow grave harm to befall one individual so as to prevent minor harms befalling sufficiently many other individuals? This is a question of aggregation. Can many small harms ‘add up’, so that, collectively, they morally outweigh a greater harm? The ‘Close Enough View’ supports a moderate position: aggregation is permissible when, and only when, the conflicting harms are sufficiently similar, or ‘close enough’, to each other. This paper surveys a range of formally precise interpretations of this view, and reveals some of the problems they face. It also proposes a novel interpretation which avoids these problems.

中文翻译：

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足够接近足够好吗？

我们是否应该让严重的伤害降临到一个人身上，以防止轻微的伤害降临到足够多的其他人身上？这是一个聚合问题。许多小伤害是否可以“加起来”，从而在道德上总体上超过更大的伤害？“足够接近的观点”支持温和的立场：当且仅当冲突的危害彼此足够相似或“足够接近”时，才允许聚合。本文调查了对这一观点的一系列形式上精确的解释，并揭示了他们面临的一些问题。它还提出了一种避免这些问题的新颖解释。