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‘More of a Cause’: Recent Work on Degrees of Causation and Responsibility
Philosophy Compass Pub Date : 2018-02-27 , DOI: 10.1111/phc3.12498
Alex Kaiserman 1
Affiliation  

It’s often natural to compare two events by describing one as ‘more of a cause’ of some effect than the other. But what do such comparisons amount to, exactly? This paper aims to provide a guided tour of the recent literature on ‘degrees of causation’. Section 2 looks at what I call ‘dependence measures’, which arise from thinking of causes as difference-makers. Section 3 looks at what I call ‘production measures’, which arise from thinking of causes as jointly sufficient for their effects. Finally, section 4 examines the important question of whether there is any sense in which an agent is more responsible for an outcome in virtue of her action being more of a cause of it. I describe a puzzle that emerges from this question, first discussed by Bernstein (2017) and Sartorio (2015), and explore various strategies for resolving it.

中文翻译:

“更多原因”:因果关系和责任程度的最新研究

比较两个事件通常很自然,方法是将一个事件描述为某种原因的“更多原因”。但是,这样的比较到底意味着什么呢?本文旨在提供有关“因果程度”的最新文献的导览。第2节介绍了我所谓的“依赖度量”,它是由将原因视为差异产生者而产生的。第三部分研究了我所说的“生产措施”,它是由于将原因共同认为足以产生其效果而产生的。最后,第4节研究了一个重要问题,即是否存在某种意义上的行为者因其行为更多地是导致结果的原因而对结果负有更多责任。我描述了这个问题引起的一个难题,该难题首先由Bernstein(2017)和Sartorio(2015)讨论,并探讨了解决该难题的各种策略。
更新日期:2018-02-27
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