The Spanish philosopher Sebastián Izquierdo was a luminary of seventeenth-century scholasticism. In his main philosophical work,Pharus scientiarum, Izquierdo claims to be the first to provide a systematic analysis of the notion of priority. Izquierdo is not the first to attempt an analysis of priority, but his treatment is original and rigorous. Izquierdo distinguishes between accidental and essential priority. This distinction crosscuts his distinction between relative and absolute priority. Izquierdo also recognizes four types of absolute priority: priority of duration, priority of origin, priority of nonmutual connection, and priority of worth. In this article I explain Izquierdo's various priority relations, their formal properties, and how they all cohere in a general theory of priority.

中文翻译：

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Sebastián Izquierdo (1601–1681) 的优先权理论

西班牙哲学家塞巴斯蒂安·伊斯基耶多是 17 世纪经院哲学的杰出人物。在他的主要哲学著作中，山药, Izquierdo 声称是第一个对优先权概念进行系统分析的人。Izquierdo 不是第一个尝试对优先级进行分析的人，但他的处理方式新颖而严谨。Izquierdo 区分了偶然的优先权和基本的优先权。这种区别横切了他在相对优先权和绝对优先权之间的区别。Izquierdo 还承认四种类型的绝对优先权：持续优先权、起源优先权、非相互联系优先权和价值优先权。在这篇文章中，我解释了 Izquierdo 的各种优先权关系、它们的形式属性，以及它们是如何在一个普遍的优先权理论中凝聚在一起的。