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Idealism and the Harmony of Thought and Reality
Mind Pub Date : 2019-02-19 , DOI: 10.1093/mind/fzy086
Thomas Hofweber 1
Affiliation  

Although idealism was widely defended in the history of philosophy, it is nowadays almost universally considered a non-starter. This holds in particular for a strong form of idealism, which asserts that not just minds or the mental in general, but our human minds in particular are metaphysically central to reality. Such a view seems to be excessively anthropocentric and contrary to what we by now know about our place in the universe. Nonetheless, there is reason to think that such a strong form of idealism is indeed correct. In this paper, I will present an argument for idealism of this kind through considerations about a harmony between our thought and reality. The central argument in favour of idealism will come from a possibly unexpected source: we can see that a strong form of idealism is true simply from considerations about our language alone. I shall argue that thinking about how we represent reality allows us to conclude that idealism is true, and thus that reality must be a certain way. But no argument of this kind seems to allow for a metaphysical conclusion like idealism, since considerations about our language alone only show how we represent reality, not how reality is. And thus idealism can’t possibly follow, since it concerns how reality is, not just how we represent it to be. A good part of the second half of the paper is devoted to showing how such an argument is possible after all, and that it really does establish idealism.

中文翻译:

理想主义与思想与现实的和谐

尽管唯心主义在哲学史上得到了广泛的捍卫,但如今几乎普遍认为它是行不通的。这尤其适用于一种强烈的唯心主义形式,它断言不仅是心灵或一般的精神,而且我们人类的心灵在形而上学上是现实的核心。这种观点似乎过于以人类为中心,与我们目前所了解的我们在宇宙中的位置相反。尽管如此,有理由认为这种强烈的理想主义形式确实是正确的。在本文中,我将通过考虑我们的思想与现实之间的和谐来提出这种理想主义的论点。支持理想主义的中心论点可能来自一个可能出乎意料的来源:我们可以看出,仅从我们的语言的考虑中,一种强烈的理想主义形式是正确的。我将争辩说,思考我们如何代表现实可以让我们得出理想主义是真实的结论,因此现实必须以某种方式存在。但这种论证似乎不允许像唯心主义这样的形而上学结论,因为仅对我们的语言的考虑只能表明我们如何代表现实,而不是现实如何。因此理想主义不可能随之而来,因为它涉及现实如何,而不仅仅是我们如何表现它。论文后半部分的很大一部分致力于展示这种论证到底是如何可能的,并且它确实建立了理想主义。但这种论证似乎不允许像唯心主义这样的形而上学结论,因为仅对我们的语言的考虑只能表明我们如何代表现实,而不是现实如何。因此理想主义不可能随之而来,因为它涉及现实如何,而不仅仅是我们如何表现它。论文后半部分的很大一部分致力于展示这种论证到底是如何可能的,并且它确实建立了理想主义。但这种论证似乎不允许像唯心主义这样的形而上学结论,因为仅对我们的语言的考虑只能表明我们如何代表现实,而不是现实如何。因此理想主义不可能随之而来,因为它涉及现实如何,而不仅仅是我们如何表现它。论文后半部分的很大一部分致力于展示这种论证到底是如何可能的,并且它确实建立了理想主义。
更新日期:2019-02-19
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