Abstract:In 1905 and 1906, when Joyce revised the first story in Dubliners, “The Sisters,” and composed the original concluding story, “Grace,” he strengthened the overall organization of his collection by forging several links between these opening and closing stories. (He would create similar connections between “The Sisters” and his new concluding story when he composed “The Dead” in 1907.) Part of this process was his decision to establish symbolically appropriate time settings for both stories. Thus he revised the date of Father Flynn’s death in “The Sisters” to enhance the story’s Dantean motifs, and he imbedded a time scheme into “Grace,” placing its final scene on Guy Fawkes Day, to create a comic parallel between the cronies’ “Jesuitical” scheme to return Tom Kernan to the Catholic faith and the counterreformation Gunpowder Plot.

中文翻译：

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“恩典”的时间

摘要：1905 年和 1906 年，乔伊斯修改了《都柏林人》的第一个故事“姐妹们”，并撰写了原始的结尾故事“格蕾丝”，他通过在这些开头和结尾故事之间建立了几个联系来加强他的收藏的整体组织. （当他在 1907 年创作“死者”时，他会在“姐妹们”和他的新结局故事之间建立类似的联系。）这个过程的一部分是他决定为两个故事建立象征性的适当时间设置。因此，他修改了“姐妹们”中弗林神父的死亡日期，以增强故事的但丁主题，并将时间安排嵌入到“格蕾丝”中，将其最后一幕放在盖伊·福克斯纪念日，以在亲信之间创造一个喜剧平行。 “耶稣会”计划让汤姆克南回归天主教信仰和反改革火药阴谋。