Attachment theory demonstrates that early attachment experience shapes internal working models with mental representations of self and close relationships, which affects personality traits and interpersonal relationships in adulthood. Although research has focused on brain structural and functional underpinnings to disentangle attachment styles in healthy individuals, little is known about the spontaneous brain activity associated with self-reported attachment anxiety and avoidance during the resting state. One hundred and nineteen individuals participated in the study, completing the Experience in Close Relationship scale immediately after an 8-min fMRI scanning. We used the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) signal of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and resting-state functional connectivity to identify attachment-related regions and networks. Consequently, attachment anxiety is closely associated with the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the right posterior cingulate cortex, over-estimating emotional intensity and exaggerating outcomes. Moreover, the functional connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex and fusiform gyrus increases detection ability for potential threat or separation information, facilitating behavior motivation. The attachment avoidance is positively correlated with the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation in the bilateral lingual gyrus and right postcentral and negatively correlated with the bilateral orbital frontal cortex and inferior temporal gyrus. Functional connection with attachment avoidance contains critical nodes in the medial temporal lobe memory system, frontal-parietal network, social cognition, and default mode network necessary to deactivate the attachment system and inhibit attachment-related behavior. These findings clarify the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and resting-state functional connectivity neural signature of attachment style, associated with attachment strategies in attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance individuals. These findings may improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of the attachment-related disorder.

中文翻译：

---

低频波动幅度和静息态功能连接揭示依恋焦虑和回避特征的神经基础

依恋理论表明，早期的依恋经历塑造了具有自我和亲密关系的心理表征的内部工作模型，这会影响成年后的人格特质和人际关系。尽管研究集中在大脑结构和功能基础上，以解开健康个体的依恋风格，但对与自我报告的在休息状态下的依恋焦虑和回避相关的自发大脑活动知之甚少。119 个人参与了这项研究，在 8 分钟的 fMRI 扫描后立即完成了亲密关系体验量表。我们使用低频波动幅度和静息状态功能连接的静息状态功能磁共振成像 (rs-fMRI) 信号来识别与附件相关的区域和网络。因此，依恋焦虑与右后扣带回皮层的低频波动幅度密切相关，高估情绪强度和夸大结果。此外，后扣带皮层和梭状回之间的功能连接增加了对潜在威胁或分离信息的检测能力，促进了行为动机。依恋回避与双侧舌回和右中央后部低频波动幅度呈正相关，与双侧眶额叶皮层和颞下回呈负相关。与依恋回避的功能连接包含内侧颞叶记忆系统、额顶叶网络、社会认知和默认模式网络中的关键节点，这些节点是停用依恋系统和抑制依恋相关行为所必需的。这些发现阐明了依恋风格的低频波动幅度和静息状态功能连接神经特征，这与依恋焦虑和依恋回避个体的依恋策略相关。