This paper studies the feasibility of integrating a community energy storage (CES) system with rooftop photovoltaic (PV) power generation for demand-side management of a neighborhood while maintaining the distribution network voltages within allowed limits. To this end, we develop a decentralized energy trading system between a CES provider and users with rooftop PV systems. By leveraging a linearized branch flow model for radial distribution networks, a voltage-constrained leader-follower Stackelberg game is developed wherein the CES provider maximizes revenue and the users minimize their personal energy costs by trading energy with the CES system and the grid. The Stackelberg game has a unique equilibrium at which the CES provider maximizes revenue and the users minimize energy costs at a unique Nash equilibrium. A case study, with realistic PV power generation and demand data, confirms that the energy trading system can reduce peak energy demand and prevent network voltage excursions, while delivering financial benefits to the users and the CES provider. Further, simulations highlight that, in comparison with a centralized system, the decentralized energy trading system provides greater economic benefits to the users with less energy storage capacity.

中文翻译：

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考虑电压约束的具有社区储能系统的网络感知需求侧管理框架

本文研究了将社区储能 (CES) 系统与屋顶光伏 (PV) 发电相结合的可行性，以实现社区的需求侧管理，同时将配电网络电压保持在允许的范围内。为此，我们在 CES 供应商和拥有屋顶光伏系统的用户之间开发了一个分散的能源交易系统。通过利用径向配电网络的线性支流模型，开发了一种电压受限的领导者-跟随者 Stackelberg 博弈，其中 CES 供应商通过与 CES 系统和电网进行能源交易来最大化收入，而用户将他们的个人能源成本最小化。Stackelberg 博弈有一个独特的均衡，在该均衡中，CES 供应商的收入最大化，而用户在独特的纳什均衡下最小化能源成本。案例研究，通过真实的光伏发电和需求数据，确认能源交易系统可以降低峰值能源需求并防止网络电压偏移，同时为用户和 CES 供应商带来经济利益。此外，模拟还强调，与集中式系统相比，分散式能源交易系统为储能容量较小的用户提供了更大的经济效益。