Fast reaction to approaching stimuli is vital for survival. When sounds enter the auditory peripersonal space (PPS), sounds perceived as being nearer elicit higher motor cortex activation. There is a close relationship between motor preparation and the perceptual components of sounds, particularly of highly arousing sounds. Here we compared the ability to recognize, evaluate, and react to affective stimuli entering the PPS between 20 normal-hearing (NH, 7 women) and 10 cochlear-implanted (CI, 3 women) subjects. The subjects were asked to quickly flex their arm in reaction to positive (P), negative (N), and neutral (Nu) affective sounds ending virtually at five distances from their body. Pre-motor reaction time (pm-RT) was detected via electromyography from the postural muscles to measure action anticipation at the sound-stopping distance; the sounds were also evaluated for their perceived level of valence and arousal. While both groups were able to localize sound distance, only the NH group modulated their pm-RT based on the perceived sound distance. Furthermore, when the sound carried no affective components, the pm-RT to the Nu sounds was shorter compared to the P and the N sounds for both groups. Only the NH group perceived the closer sounds as more arousing than the distant sounds, whereas both groups perceived sound valence similarly. Our findings underline the role of emotional states in action preparation and describe the perceptual components essential for prompt reaction to sounds approaching the peripersonal space.

对接近刺激的快速反应对于生存至关重要。当声音进入听觉人际空间（PPS）时，被感知为更接近的声音会引起更高的运动皮层激活。运动准备与声音（尤其是引起强烈声音的声音）的感知成分之间有着密切的关系。在这里，我们比较了20名正常听力（NH，7名女性）和10名人工耳蜗（CI，3名女性）受试者之间识别，评估和响应进入PPS的情感刺激的能力。要求受试者快速弯曲手臂，以应对正向（P），负向（N）和中性（Nu）的情感音，这些音效实际上距他们的身体五处距离。通过肌电图从姿势肌肉中检测出运动前反应时间（pm-RT），以测量在声音停止距离处的动作预期。还评估了声音的效价和唤醒水平。虽然两组都可以定位声距，但是只有NH组根据感知的声距来调制其pm-RT。此外，当声音不包含任何情感成分时，两组的P声和N声相比，Nu声的pm-RT短。只有NH组感觉到较近的声音比远处的声音更能引起人的注意，而NH和NH2组的感觉相似。我们的发现强调了情绪状态在行动准备中的作用，并描述了对迅速反应到接近人际空间的声音必不可少的感知成分。只有NH组根据感知的声音距离来调制其pm-RT。此外，当声音不包含任何情感成分时，两组的P声和N声相比，Nu声的pm-RT短。只有NH组感觉到较近的声音比远处的声音更能引起人的注意，而NH和NH2组的感觉相似。我们的发现强调了情绪状态在行动准备中的作用，并描述了对迅速反应到接近人际空间的声音必不可少的感知成分。只有NH组根据感知的声音距离来调制其pm-RT。此外，当声音不包含任何情感成分时，两组的P声和N声相比，Nu声的pm-RT短。只有NH组感觉到较近的声音比远处的声音更能引起人的注意，而NH和NH2组的感觉相似。我们的发现强调了情绪状态在动作准备中的作用，并描述了对迅速反应到接近人际空间的声音必不可少的感知成分。两组的声音价感相似。我们的发现强调了情绪状态在行动准备中的作用，并描述了对迅速反应到接近人际空间的声音必不可少的感知成分。两组的声音价感相似。我们的发现强调了情绪状态在行动准备中的作用，并描述了对迅速反应到接近人际空间的声音必不可少的感知成分。