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Modeling nearshore fish habitats using Alaska as a regional case study
Fisheries Research ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2021.105905
Arnaud Grüss , Jodi L. Pirtle , James T. Thorson , Mandy R. Lindeberg , A. Darcie Neff , Steve G. Lewis , Timothy E. Essington

Nearshore areas represent important habitats for many species, at least for part of their life cycle. Therefore, modeling and mapping nearshore habitats is essential for natural resource management and conservation, such as determining potential impacts to marine populations and their habitats from human activities and identifying conservation measures. Although fish survey and habitat data are uncommon for nearshore areas, two regional databases, the Nearshore Fish Atlas of Alaska (NFA) and ShoreZone, provide a rare opportunity to evaluate nearshore habitats for Alaska’s shallow, nearshore fish assemblages. In the present study, we used the NFA and ShoreZone databases in a practical approach to model and map Alaska nearshore fish habitats. Specifically, we fitted generalized additive models (GAMs) to NFA and ShoreZone data to map the spatial patterns of probability of encounter and density of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) early juveniles in the northern southeastern Alaska (NSEA) area and walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) early juveniles in Prince William Sound (PWS). The density of Pacific cod early juveniles was found to be high in all of the western part of the NSEA area, particularly around Port Alexander. The density hotspots of walleye pollock early juveniles were found to be located in the northern and southernmost parts of PWS. Data inventories and modeling and mapping Alaska nearshore fish habitats provide valuable information to manage marine resources and human activities (e.g., to identify the main nursery areas of commercially important species along the Alaska coastline), and allow for other important ecological and ecosystem issues to be addressed (e.g., producing marine protected area planning scenarios to protect forage fishes used by large marine predators). The NFA and ShoreZone are valuable resources, and our efforts to leverage them to model and map nearshore fish habitats establishes a reference for similar efforts throughout Alaska’s regions and beyond.



中文翻译:

使用阿拉斯加作为区域案例研究来模拟近岸鱼类栖息地

近岸地区是许多物种的重要栖息地,至少在其整个生命周期中都是如此。因此,对近岸生境进行建模和绘图对于自然资源管理和保护至关重要,例如确定人类活动对海洋人口及其生境的潜在影响并确定保护措施。尽管在近岸地区鱼的调查和栖息地数据并不常见,但是两个区域数据库,阿拉斯加近岸鱼类图集(NFA)和ShoreZone提供了难得的机会来评估阿拉斯加浅水,近岸鱼类组合的近岸生境。在本研究中,我们使用了NFA和ShoreZone以实用的方式对数据库进行建模和制图的阿拉斯加近岸鱼类栖息地。具体来说,我们对NFA和ShoreZone数据拟合了广义加性模型(GAMs),以绘制阿拉斯加东南部(NSEA)北部太平洋鳕鱼(Gadus macrocephalus)早期幼鱼和壁眼狭鳕(Gadus chalcogrammus)发生概率和密度的空间格局)威廉王子湾(PWS)的早期少年。发现在NSEA地区的整个西部地区,特别是亚历山大港附近,太平洋鳕鱼早期幼鱼的密度都很高。发现角膜白嘴ock幼鱼的密度热点位于PWS的北部和最南端。数据清单以及对阿拉斯加近岸鱼类栖息地的建模和制图提供了宝贵信息,可用于管理海洋资源和人类活动(例如,确定阿拉斯加海岸线上具有商业意义的物种的主要育苗区),并允许其他重要的生态和生态系统问题得以解决。解决(例如,制定海洋保护区规划方案以保护大型海洋捕食者使用的饲料鱼)。NFA和ShoreZone 是宝贵的资源,我们利用这些资源为近海鱼类栖息地建模和绘制地图的努力为整个阿拉斯加地区及其他地区的类似工作提供了参考。

更新日期:2021-02-23
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